改进CQPSO算法的双频航向信标方向图优化  

Optimization of Dual-Frequency Localizer Patterns Based on Improved CQPSO Algorithm

作　　者：倪育德 李欣欣 刘瑞华 NI Yude;LI Xinxin;LIU Ruihua(College of Electronic Information and Automation,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学电子信息与自动化学院,天津300300

出　　处：《信号处理》2023年第3期526-539,共14页Journal of Signal Processing

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(ZXH2011C013);国家重点研发项目(2016YFB0502402)。

摘　　要：针对仪表着陆系统中的双频航向信标(localizer,LOC)阵列天线最大旁瓣电平抑制和覆盖性能优化问题,改进了一种混沌量子粒子群(chaos quantum particle swarm optimization,CQPSO)算法,对既定约束的LOC阵列天线方向图进行馈电参数寻优。在分析双频LOC覆盖形成的基础上,剖析了国际民航组织对LOC信号的覆盖要求,获得LOC方向图应满足的约束条件。为提升全局寻优能力和有效避免陷入局部最优,引入混沌思想和加权平均最优位置对CQPSO算法进行改进,使用改进的CQPSO算法对20阵元等间距LOC阵列天线进行约束条件下的馈电参数寻优,并依据所获得的馈电参数仿真分析LOC阵列天线的方向性。仿真实验表明,改进CQPSO算法寻优得到的馈电参数形成的方向图,相比于目前广泛使用的24阵元等间距LOC阵列天线的方向图,在天线数量减少16.67%的情况下,航道信号辐射的最大旁瓣电平降低了3.32 dB,且覆盖性能更好;而相比于目前广泛使用的20阵元不等间距LOC阵列天线的方向图,航道信号辐射的最大旁瓣电平降低了25.55 dB,证明了改进CQPSO算法的有效性。Aiming at the maximum side lobe level suppression and coverage performance optimization problems of dual-frequency localizer antenna arrays in the instrument landing system,a chaos quantum particle swarm optimization algo‑rithm was improved to optimize the feeding parameters of the LOC antenna arrays pattern with given constraints.Based on the analysis of the formation of dual-frequency LOC coverage,the ICAO coverage requirements for LOC signals were ana‑lyzed,and the constraints that the LOC pattern should meet were obtained.In order to improve the global optimization abil‑ity and effectively avoid falling into local optimum,the idea of chaos and weighted average optimal position were intro‑duced to improve the CQPSO algorithm,and the improved CQPSO algorithm was used to feed the 20-element equal-spaced LOC antenna arrays under the constraints.The parameters were optimized,and the directivity of the LOC antenna arrays was simulated and analyzed according to the obtained feed parameters.The simulation experiments showed the pattern formed by the feed parameters obtained by the improved CQPSO algorithm,compared with the pattern of the currently widely used 24-element equal-spaced LOC antenna arrays pattern,when the number of antenna was reduced by 16.67%,the maximum side lobe level was 3.32 dB lower with better coverage.Compared with the current widely used 20-element unequal-spaced LOC antenna arrays pattern,the maximum side lobe level of channel signal radiation was reduced by 25.55 dB.The effectiveness of the improved CQPSO algorithm is proved.

关 键 词：双频航向信标 余隙信号 旁瓣抑制 混沌量子粒子群算法 方向图优化 

分 类 号：V249.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]