滴灌水肥一体化条件下磷肥减量对黄瓜磷素利用效率和产量的影响  

Effects of phosphate fertilizer reduction on phosphorous utilization efficiency and yield of cucumber under fertigation of drip irrigation

作　　者：程启鹏 熊启中 徐雅婷 叶新新 罗来超[1,2,3] 刘龙 郜红建 CHENG Qi-peng;XIONG Qi-zhong;XU Ya-ting;YE Xin-xin;LUO Lai-chao;LIU Long;GAO Hong-jian(Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention,Hefei Anhui 230036;Research Centre of Phosphorous Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection along the Yangtze River Economic Belt,Hefei Anhui 230036;School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei Anhui 230036;Anhui Hexian Soil Fertilizer Workstation,Maanshan Anhui 238200)

机构地区：[1]农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230036 [2]长江经济带磷资源高效利用与水环境保护中心,安徽合肥230036 [3]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036 [4]安徽省和县土壤肥料工作站,安徽马鞍山238200

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第1期65-72,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(1908085QC139);中国工程科技发展战略安徽研究院咨询项目(2020-05);安徽省科技重大专项(202103a06020012);长江经济带磷资源高效利用创新平台项目(KJ20190197)。

摘　　要：为探究磷肥减量施用对设施黄瓜产量和养分利用效率的影响,通过田间试验分析水肥一体化条件下磷肥减量10%、30%、50%对黄瓜磷素累积吸收量、利用效率和产量的影响差异。结果表明:在配方施肥基础上,磷肥减量10%~50%时,0~20 cm土层土壤有效磷含量随磷肥减量比例的增加不断降低,黄瓜植株磷素含量和累积量呈先增加后降低的规律。当磷肥减量30%时,黄瓜磷素总累积量最高(7.17 kg·hm^(-2)),磷肥贡献率、农学效率、偏生产力和吸收利用率比配方施肥处理分别提高了178.7%、388.7%、75.4%和162.9%,产量和产投比分别提高了22.8%和25.1%。综合分析,水肥一体化条件下,合理减少磷肥施用可显著提高设施黄瓜生育期磷素吸收累积量,提高黄瓜磷素利用效率、产量和产投比。To explore the effects of phosphate fertilizer reduction on yield and nutrient utilization efficiency of cucumber in protected facilities,field experiments were conducted to investigate the differences in phosphorus absorption and utilization efficiency as well as cucumber yield under the condition of phosphate fertilizer reduction by 10%,30%and 50%.Results showed that the available phosphorus contents in 0~20 cm soil layer decreased with the increase of phosphate fertilizer reduction,the content and accumulation of phosphorus in cucumber plants firstly increased and then decreased as the phosphate fertilizer reduced by 10%~50%on the basis of formula fertilization.When the phosphate fertilizer was reduced by 30%,the total phosphorus accumulation in cucumber reached the highest level(7.17 kg·hm^(-2)),and the contribution rate,agronomy efficiency,partial productivity and absorption and utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer were increased by 178.7%,388.7%,75.4%and 162.9%,and the yield and output-input ratio were increased by 22.8%and 25.1%,respectively.In summary,reasonably reduction of phosphate fertilizer application significantly increased phosphorus absorption and accumulation in cucumber plants,and increased yield and output-input ratio as well as phosphorus utilization efficiency of cucumber under the water and fertilizer integration condition.

关 键 词：磷肥减量 水肥一体化 设施栽培 黄瓜产量 养分利用 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]