高寒冷凉环境中解磷微生物的效果初探  

Screening of phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms under high latitude and cold environment

作　　者：孙健 张鑫鹏 李松龄 王亚艺 SUN Jian;ZHANG Xin-peng;LI Song-ling;WANG Ya-yi(Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016;Academy of Agricultural Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学农林科学院土壤肥料研究所,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第1期217-223,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：青海省科学技术厅重大科技专项(2019-NK-A11);青海省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2021ZY016)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出能适应青藏高原冷凉气候环境下的解磷菌株,以低磷土(有效磷1.48 mg/kg、全磷1.3 g/kg)为试验土壤,以作物生长中的特征温度5、15、25℃来模拟青藏高原的冷凉环境,将胶冻样芽孢杆菌(PaenibBacillus mucilaginosusv)、巨大芽孢杆菌(Priestia megaterium)、蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)、紫变异链霉菌(Streptomyces violovariabilis)、肉桂褐链霉菌(Streptomyces cinnamofuscus)、黄团孢链霉菌(Streptomyces flavoagglomeratus)6株解磷菌接种到土壤中。通过测定不同温度下土壤的pH、有效磷含量、土壤中的碱性磷酸酶活性、无机磷组分,筛选出解磷能力较强的解磷菌。试验结果表明,接种了紫变异链霉菌的处理在任何温度下土壤有效磷含量、碱性磷酸酶活性都高于接种其他菌株的处理,pH与土壤有效磷含量呈显著负相关关系。15℃下无机磷组分中Ca2-P和Ca8-P含量要高于其他处理。因此,紫变异链霉菌(Streptomyces violovariabilis)为适合青藏高原冷凉气候环境的解磷菌株。Phosphorus application to infertile agricultural soils has greatly contributed to achieving increased crop yield and food production.However,the excessive and long-term use of phosphates negatively impacts the environment and causes crop yield decreasing.Using alternative and sustainable approaches including phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms are imperative.As such,this study aimed to screen phosphorus-soluble strains that can adapt to the cold climatic environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.PaenibBacillus mucilaginosusv,Priestia megaterium,Bacillus cereus,Streptomyces violovariabilis,Streptomyces cinnamofuscus,and Streptomyces flavoagglomeratus were inoculated in low phosphorus soil(available phosphorus:1.48 mg/kg,total phosphorus:1.3 g/kg),and experimental soils were incubated at 5,15 and 25℃to simulate characteristic temperatures of crop growth in the cold environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Soil pH,available phosphorus content,alkaline phosphatase activity,and inorganic phosphorus composition at different temperatures were analyzed,and the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria with strong phosphorus-solubilizing ability were screened.The results showed that the available phosphorus content and alkaline phosphatase activity of soil inoculated with S.violovariabilis were higher than those of other inoculated strains at any temperature,and there was a significant negative correlation between pH and available phosphorus content of soil.The contents of Ca2-P and Ca8-P in inorganic phosphorus at 15℃were higher than those of other treatments.Therefore,S.violovariabilis is a phosphorus solubilizing strain suitable for the cold climate environment in Qinghai.

关 键 词：解磷菌 冷凉环境 碱性土壤 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]