模拟家畜不同采食强度下高寒草甸土壤水解酶活性的变化特征  

Responses of soil enzyme activities to different defoliation intensities in alpine meadow

作　　者：张振 梁海彬 陈有超 吴晓芬 蔡延江 ZHANG Zhen;LIANG Haibin;CHEN Youchao;WU Xiaofen;CAI Yanjiang(College of Environment and Resources,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2023年第2期265-273,共9页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(41877085,41573070);浙江农林大学科研发展基金(2018FR005,2018FR006,2021LFR035)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究家畜采食对高寒草甸土壤酶活性的影响,为揭示人为干扰下高寒草甸的退化机制提供依据。【方法】用刈割留茬模拟家畜轻度采食(LD)和重度采食(HD)行为,以未放牧的草地为对照(ck),测定土壤碳、氮、磷获取的酶活性以及土壤理化性质变化特征。【结果】总体上,土壤碳获取酶土壤蔗糖酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和土壤氮获取酶脲酶的活性在不同采食强度下不存在显著差异,但呈现明显的时间变异;LD处理可显著提高纤维素二糖水解酶活性(P<0.05),而HD处理能降低纤维素二糖水解酶活性;LD处理也会提高氮获取酶亮氨酸氨基肽酶、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶以及磷获取酸性磷酸酶的活性;家畜的采食行为可能通过改变土壤养分来影响土壤酶活性;高寒草甸土壤酶活性的时间变异受控于土壤温度和土壤养分的变化。【结论】轻度采食行为可能会提高土壤水解酶活性,有助于维持土壤质量。[Objective]This study aims to investigate the effects of livestock defoliation on soil enzyme activities of alpine meadow,so as to provide evidence for revealing the degradation mechanisms of alpine meadow under human disturbance.[Method]Livestock defoliation behaviors,including light-intensity defoliation(LD)and heavy-intensity defoliation(HD)were simulated by cutting plants,and the non-grazed meadow was taken as the control(ck).The activity of enzymes obtained by carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus,as well as the change characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties were measured.[Result]Generally,the activities of invertase,β-glucosidase(BG),and urease did not show any significant differences under different defoliation intensities,but there was significant time variation.The activity of cellobiohydrolase(CBH)increased in LD treatment(P<0.05),while it decreased in HD treatment.LD treatment also enhanced the activities of leucine aminopeptidase(LAP),N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG)and acid phosphatase(AP).Defoliation behavior of livestock might affect soil enzyme activity by changing soil nutrients.The temporal variation of soil enzyme activity in alpine meadow was controlled by the changes of soil temperature and soil nutrients.[Conclusion]Mild defoliation behavior may increase soil hydrolase activities,which helps maintain soil quality.

关 键 词：放牧 采食 土壤水解酶 高寒草甸 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]