曲靖市烟草黑胫病菌生物学特性及室内毒力测定  

Biological Characteristics and Laboratory Virulence Determination of Tobacco Black Shank Bacteria in Qujing City

作　　者：吕怡颖 蔡永占 白涛[2] 韩小女[3] 刘冬梅[2] 李祝安 王瑞宝[2] 陈小龙 王启宇 林登智 余磊[1] 黄飞燕 LV Yiying;CAI Yongzhan;BAI Tao;HAN Xiaonv;LIU Dongmei;LI Zhu’an;WANG Ruibao;CHEN Xiaolong;WANG Qiyu;LIN Dengzhi;YU Lei;HUANG Feiyan(Kunming College/Yunnan Provincial Urban Characteristic Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Center,Kunming 650214;Yunnan Tobacco Company Qujing Company,Qujing,Yunnan 655002;Xuanwei City Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Xuanwei,Yunnan 655499;Henan China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Raw Material Procurement Center,Zhengzhou 450000)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院/云南省都市特色农业工程技术研究中心,昆明650214 [2]云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司,云南曲靖655002 [3]宣威市农业技术推广中心,云南宣威655499 [4]河南中烟工业有限责任公司原料采购中心,郑州450000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第7期102-110,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技项目“曲靖植烟区烟草黑胫病发病流行规律及综合防控技术集成研究与推广应用”(2020530000242010)。

摘　　要：为进一步明确烟草黑胫病菌疫霉的生物学特性,筛选高效化学药剂,采用十字交叉法分别测定不同培养基、碳源、氮源、pH、葡萄糖浓度和光照处理的菌落生长直径,用血球计数板测定产孢量;采用含毒介质法测定烟草疫霉对30%氟吗啉、68.75%氟菌·霜霉威、64%噁霜·锰锌、80%霜脲氰、70%丙森锌、75%百菌清、80%三乙膦酸铝和20%噻菌铜的敏感性。研究发现,供试菌株在燕麦培养基上长势较好,培养5天后长至8.5 cm,菌落呈白色状,菌丝浓密,胡萝卜培养基则有助于产孢,产孢量约为7.92×107个;供试菌株在牛肉膏(氮源)和可溶性淀粉(碳源)培养基生长及产孢量较好;在不同pH培养基处理菌株长势差异不显著,但在pH 6~7区间长势和产孢量较好;葡萄糖浓度为0.02 mmol/L时菌株生长及产孢量显著高于其他处理;不同光照处理下供试菌株差异不显著,但全暗室培养菌丝生长较为浓密,且有利于产孢。8种化学药剂对供试菌株均具有抑制效果,其中30%氟吗啉、68.75%氟菌·霜霉威对病原菌的抑制作用较显著,EC50分别达0.1640、2.3339μg/mL。In order to clarify the biological characteristics of Phytophthora nicotianae of tobacco black shank,and screen high-efficiency chemical agents,the cross method was used to measure the colony growth diameter under different media,carbon sources,nitrogen sources,pH,glucose concentrations and light treatments.And hemocytometer was used to determine the number of sporulation.The sensitivity of Phytophthora nicotianae to 30%flumorph,68.75%fluopicolide·propamocarb hydrochloride,64%oxadixyl mancozeb,80%cymoxanil,70%propineb,75%chlorothalonil,80%fosetyl-aluminum,and 20%copper thiophanate were determined by the method of toxic medium.The results showed that the tested strains grew well on the oat medium.After 5 days of culture,the strains grew to 8.5 cm.The colonies were white and the hyphae were dense.The carrot medium was beneficial to sporulation quantity,and the quantity was about 7.92×107.The tested strains grew and sporulated better in beef extract(nitrogen source)and soluble starch(carbon source)medium.The growth rates of strains treated with different pH media were not significantly different,but the growth and sporulation were better in the pH range from 6 to 7.When the glucose concentration was 0.02 mmol/L,the growth and sporulation yield of the strains were significantly higher than those of other treatments.The tested strains had no significant difference under different light treatments,but the mycelium growth was denser under dark condition,which was beneficial to the sporulation.All 8 chemical agents had inhibitory effects on the tested strains,among which 30%flumorph and 68.75%fluopicolide·propamocarb hydrochloride had significant inhibitory effects on pathogenic bacteria,with EC50 of 0.1640 and 2.3339μg/mL,respectively.

关 键 词：烟草 黑胫病 疫霉 生物学特性 毒力测定 

分 类 号：S4[农业科学—植物保护]