柴油机活塞环组动力学特性分析及多目标优化设计  

Dynamic Characteristic Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Piston Ring Set of A Diesel Engine

作　　者：唐佳桃 雷基林[1] 雷启铭 邓晰文[1] 文均 蒋相森 TANG Jiatao;LEI Jilin;LEI Qiming;DENG Xiwen;WEN Jun;JIANG Xiangsen(Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Internal Combustion Engines,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Chengdu Galaxy Power Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610505,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学云南省内燃机重点实验室,昆明650500 [2]成都银河动力有限公司,成都610505

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2023年第2期73-80,共8页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51965027,51805233,51366006);云南省基础研究计划项目(2019FD032)。

摘　　要：以一款非道路柴油机为研究对象,结合实测活塞温度场建立了活塞环组动力学仿真模型,并通过漏气量和机油耗试验研究验证了模型的准确性。通过正交试验设计进行析因分析,选定顶环开口间隙、二环侧隙、顶环和二环切向弹力作为决策变量,引入支持向量机的帕累托多目标优化算法,以降低柴油机漏气量和机油耗为优化目标,通过K-means聚类算法得到3种优化方案。与原机相比,方案A的漏气量降低了3.69 L/min,降幅达23.50%,而机油耗只减少了0.27 g/h;方案B的漏气量和机油耗分别降低了2.55 L/min和0.49 g/h;方案C的漏气量只减小了1.39 L/min,但机油耗降低了0.44 g/h,降幅达12.05%。研究结果表明适当减小顶环开口间隙和二环侧隙和合理的切向弹力可以有效减小漏气量和机油耗,优化结果可为高效清洁的柴油机活塞环组设计提供理论依据。Taking an off-road diesel engine as the research object,combined with the measured piston temperature field,the dynamic simulation model of piston ring set was established,and the accuracy of the model was verified by the test study of gas blow-by and lubricating oil consumption.Through the analysis of orthogonal experimental design,the top ring opening gap,the second ring side clearance,and the tangential elasticity of the top ring and the second ring were selected as the decision variables.The Pareto multi-objective optimization algorithm of the support vector machine was introduced,with the optimization goal of reducing the gas blow-by and lubricating oil consumption of the diesel engine,and the K-means clustering algorithm obtained three optimization schemes.Compared with the original machine,the gas blow-by of scheme A was reduced by 3.69 L/min,with a decrease percentage of 23.50%,while the lubricating oil consumption was reduced by only 0.27 g/h.The gas blow-by and lubricating oil consumption of scheme B were reduced by 2.55 L/min and 0.49 g/h,respectively.The gas blow-by of scheme C was reduced by only 1.39 L/min,while the lubricating oil consumption was reduced by 0.44 g/h,with a decrease percentage of 12.05%.Results show that appropriately reducing the opening gap of the top ring and the side clearance of the second ring and reasonable tangential elastic force can effectively reduce the gas blow-by and lubricating oil consumption.And the optimization results can provide a theoretical basis for the design of the piston ring group of the diesel engine with high efficiency and cleanliness.

关 键 词：柴油机 漏气量 机油耗 活塞环组参数 正交试验设计 支持向量机 帕累托多目标优化 

分 类 号：TK422[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]