我国华南蔗区甘蔗宿根矮化病的PCR分子检测  

PCR Detection of Sugarcane Ratoon Stunting Disease in Main Sugarcane-planting Areas in South of China

作　　者：尉耀升 许珲镁 呼忠婷 刘婷[1] 刘玮婷 高三基[1] 傅华英[1] WEI Yaosheng;XU Huimei;HU Zhongting;LIU Ting;LIU Weiting;GAO Sanji;FU Huaying(National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学国家甘蔗工程技术研究中心,福州350002

出　　处：《中国糖料》2023年第2期61-67,共7页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)建设专项(CARS-170302)资助。

摘　　要：宿根矮化病Ratoon stunting diseases(RSD)是由木质部限制性赖氏细菌木质部变种Leifsonia xyli subsp.xyli(Lxx)引起的一种主要甘蔗细菌性病害之一,在世界各甘蔗产区普遍发生。为明确我国主要蔗区RSD发生率和收获方式对RSD发生率的影响,本文从广东和福建的罹病甘蔗蔗茎样品成功分离获得病原细菌,基于细菌16S核糖体和16-23S核糖体间隔序列(ITS)证实为Lxx。随后,从广西、广东和福建主要蔗区采集甘蔗品种蔗茎样品1446份,以靶标16-23S核糖体ITS区域的Lxx-F/Lxx-R为检测引物,开展RSD分子检测。结果表明,福建蔗区RSD检出率较低,为0~9.4%,广西、广东蔗区RSD检出率分别为20.4~85.2%和82.1%,尤其是广西龙州县和广东遂溪县蔗区,RSD检出率高达80%以上。在机械收获和人工砍刀收获方式下的宿根蔗蔗茎样品RSD检出率没有显著差异。本研究结果为我国蔗区RSD的科学防控提供依据。Ratoon stunting disease(RSD)caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp.xyli(Lxx)is one of the most important bacterial diseases in sugarcane production around the world.To clarify the occurrence of RSD in major sugarcane areas in South of China and the effects of harvesting patterns on the incidence of RSD,pathogenic bacteria isolation was performed on two stalk samples with RSD symptoms collected from Guangdong and Fujian provinces.The isolated bacteria were verified as Lxx based on the sequences of bacterial 16S ribosome and intergenic spacer(ITS)region between 16S-23S ribosomes.In addition,PCR detection were carried out for RSD of 1446 stalk samples from major sugarcane growing areas in three provinces(Guangxi,Guangdong and Fujian).PCR detection showed that low detection rates of 0-9.4%in samples from Fujian province,but high detection rates of 20.4-85.2%and 82.1%in samples from Guangxi and Guangdong,respectively.Particularly,RSD incidences was more than 80%in Longzhou(Guangxi Province)and Suixi(Guangdong Province).Notably,no significant difference of incidence of RSD in ratoon cane was found between mechanical and manual harvesting.Our findings provided a reference for the scientific prevention and control of RSD in China.

关 键 词：甘蔗 宿根矮化病 木质部限制性赖氏细菌木质部变种 PCR检测 检出率 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]