内蒙古甜菜制糖产业发展分析  

Analysis on the Development of Sugar Beet Industry in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：卢秉福[1] 吴遂 刘晓雪[3] 孙秀才 马春慧 LU Bingfu;WU Sui;LIU Xiaoxue;SUN Xiucai;MA Chunhui(Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080;Inner Mongolia Sugar Association,Hohhot 010010;Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学,哈尔滨150080 [2]内蒙古糖业协会,呼和浩特010010 [3]北京工商大学,北京100048

出　　处：《中国糖料》2023年第2期82-90,共9页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)建设专项“糖料产业经济”项目(CARS-170601)资助。

摘　　要：中国食糖生产原料主要是甘蔗和甜菜,以甘蔗糖为主。我国食糖年产量约1050万吨,年消费量约1500万吨,不足部分依靠进口。甜菜糖生产主要分布在北方的内蒙古、新疆、黑龙江及邻近省区,年产量130万吨左右。目前内蒙古是中国最大的甜菜糖产区,全区共有10个盟(市)51个旗(县)种植甜菜,甜菜种植已经实现规模化、机械化,平均单产达45吨/公顷以上,高产地区单产达到75~90吨/公顷,甜菜含糖率平均15.4%,受气候等因素影响年份间差异显著,2020年甜菜收购量达到历史最高700万吨。全区现有糖厂14家,现开工12家,2020—2021年生产期产糖89.1万吨,制糖工艺损失2.3%~3.0%,呈现损失越来越低趋势。近年来受粮食作物价格上涨的影响,甜菜收购价格不断攀升,直接推升企业制糖成本上涨,导致甜菜制糖企业竞争力下降。Sugarcane and sugar beet are two crops for sugar production in China,and most sugar is produced from sugarcane.The annual sugar production was about 10.5 million tons,and the annual consumption was about 15 million tons in China.The insufficient part relies on imports.The beet sugar production was mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Heilongjiang and neighboring provinces in the north,with an annual sugar production of about 1.3 million tons.At present,Inner Mongolia was the largest beet sugar producing area in China.There were 10 leagues(cities)and 51 banners(counties)growing sugar beet in Inner Mongolia.The beet planting had been large-scale and mechanized,with an average yield of more than 45 tons/ha.The yield of high-yielding areas had reached 75-90 tons/ha.The sugar content of beet was 15.4%on average.There was a significant difference between years affected by climate and other factors.In 2020,the beet purchase volume reached a historical maximum of 7 million tons.There were 14 sugar factories in the region,12 of which were now operating.During 2020 to 2021,891000 tons of sugar had been produced.The loss of sugar production process was between 2.3-3.0,showing a trend of declining losses.In recent years,affected by the rise in the price of grain,the purchase price of sugar beet had been rising,which had directly pushed up the cost of sugar production,leading to a decline in the competitiveness of sugar beet enterprises.

关 键 词：甜菜 食糖 制糖产业 内蒙古 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]