冬季项目青少年运动员早期专项化与多项化训练的社会保障机制研究  

Research on the Social Security Mechanism of Early Specialized and Multi-Specialized training of Winter Sports Youth Athletes

作　　者：张帆 仇军 冯晓露 钟建伟[4] ZHANG Fan;QIU Jun;FENG Xiao-lu;ZHONG Jian-wei(College of Humanlties and Law,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Division of Sports Science and Physical Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Huzhou University,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313000,China;Physical Education College,Jiangxi Normal University,Jiangxi 330013 China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学文法学院,北京100029 [2]清华大学体育部,北京100084 [3]湖州师范学院,浙江湖州313000 [4]江西师范大学体育学院,江西330013

出　　处：《体育研究与教育》2023年第2期70-79,共10页Sports Research and Education

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项(2018YFF0300403);清华大学2022年文科双高计划。

摘　　要：运用文献资料、数理统计等研究方法,对我国青少年运动员冬季项目早期专项化和多项化训练的发展、社会保障现状及主要问题进行探究,进一步考察社会保障对青少年运动员发展的影响机制。研究认为:我国青少年运动员社会保障结构中政策保障状况相对良好,但是职业保障和社会环境保障水平较低;比较而言青少年运动员早期多项化的社会保障评价优于专项化;职业保障和社会环境保障的提高对青少年运动员全面发展有显著的正向影响,特别是对早期专项化运动员提升作用更大。因此,应重视冬季项目青少年运动员的训练特点,充分考虑早期专项化和多项化运动员社会保障的区别性;大力发展青少年运动员适应性的职业保障和职业福利,营造青少年运动员支持性社会环境。Using the methods of literature,mathematical statistics and other research methods,this paper explores the current situation and existing problems of the training development and social security of young athletes in the early specialized and multi-specialized winter events in China,and further investigates the influence mechanism of social security on the development of young athletes.The research suggests that in the social security structure of young athletes in China,the status of policy security is relatively good,but the level of occupational security and social environment security is low.Comparatively speaking,the evaluation of social security of early multi-specialized athletes is better than that of early specialized athletes.The improvement of occupational security and social environment security has a significant positive impact on the overall development of young athletes,especially on the early specialized athletes.Therefore,we should pay attention to the training characteristics of winter sports youth athletes,and fully consider the differences between the early winter sports specialized and multi-specialized youth athletes social security;and vigorously develop the career security and welfare of young athletes in winter sports,and create a supportive social environment for young athletes in winter sports.

关 键 词：政策保障 职业福利 运动员成才 社会支持环境 

分 类 号：G808.18[文化科学—体育训练]