土壤起源与宜居地球的形成  

Origination of the Earth Soil and Its Implications for the Establishment of the Earth Inhabitability

作　　者：龚子同[1] 黄成敏[2] 陈鸿昭[1] 张楚 张甘霖[1,3,4] GONG Zitong;HUANG Chengmin;CHEN Hongzhao;ZHANG Chu;ZHANG Ganin(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;College of Construction and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Science,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,ChineseAcademy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]四川大学建筑与环境学院,成都610000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室(中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所),南京210008

出　　处：《土壤学报》2023年第1期1-6,共6页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42130715)资助。

摘　　要：在各种成土因素交互作用下,地球土壤起源和演变历经变化的环境和多种成土过程。研究表明最早的古风化壳出现在太古宙;而随着地球生物演进,生物因素加入风化成土作用与成土过程,土壤学家眼中的土壤形成、发育于寒武纪。漫长的地质历史时期不同的成土环境发育有各种类型土壤,这些土壤发育与演化过程又反作用于景观、地形、生态系统、气候系统,改变大气成分组成和地球化学循环,影响、反馈、调节全球或地区的表层系统,土壤圈的形成是宜居地球形成的重要标志。Controlled by soil forming factors,the origination and development of earth soil had been experiencing contrasting environmental changes and corresponding processes.Previous studies have shown that the earliest weathering regolith appeared during the Archean Eon,with evolution of the Earth,biological forcing had been involved in soil formation and soils as defined by the modern concept got appeared during the Cambrian period.Over the geological periods soils formed and developed in episodic changing environments while the formation of soil and the establishment of soil cover(pedosphere)gave feedback to landscape evolution,topography,ecosystem and atmospheric system,therefore substantially changing atmospheric composition and altering global biogeochemical cycling.The formation of pedosphere is a prerequisite of the inhabitable earth.

关 键 词：宜居地球 地球土壤起源 生命发生 动植物演化 成土过程 土壤功能 

分 类 号：S151[农业科学—土壤学]