基于^(31)P NMR的自然成土过程中有机磷组分演变特征及影响因素研究进展  

Research Progress of the Evolution Trends and Controls of Soil Organic Phosphorus Speciation during Natural Pedogenesis Based on Solution ^(31)P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

作　　者：罗原骏 黄来明[2,3] 袁大刚 LUO Yuanjun;HUANG Laiming;YUAN Dagang(College of Resources,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observationand Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,成都611130 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤学报》2023年第1期23-38,共16页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977004);中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2019052);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所秉维优秀青年人才项目(2017RC203)资助。

摘　　要：土壤有机磷(P_(o))是土壤中重要的磷库,其形态、含量与生物有效性随成土过程而发生变化,进而影响土壤磷素供应、养分平衡及生态系统生产力。然而,与土壤无机磷(P_(i))相比,以往的研究对P_(o)的重视不够,这主要是由于土壤中P_(o)的提取、分析和鉴定方法难于P_(i)。近年来,随着液相^(31)P核磁共振(^(31) P NMR)波谱技术在土壤学领域的应用,为定量分析土壤P_(o)组分及含量提供了新的技术手段,同时为更好地理解生态系统演化过程中不同形态P_(o)的转化特征奠定了基础。本文主要总结了土壤P_(o)的种类和性质,介绍了液相^(31)P NMR分析土壤P_(o)的原理和方法,在此基础上综述了自然成土过程中不同形态P_(o)的转化特征及其影响因素,并指出了需进一步研究的方向和关键科学问题:包括量化成土过程中不同形态P_(o)转化速率、途径与环境阈值,阐明不同发育阶段土壤P_(o)与C、N等养分之间的耦合关系及其固释机理,构建不同类型土壤P_(o)演化模型。回答上述问题有助于更好地理解地球关键带磷素生物地球化学循环,为不同发育阶段土壤养分管理与调控及土壤资源可持续利用提供理论依据。Soil organic phosphorus(P_(o))is an important phosphorus pool in soils.The forms,contents and bioavailability of P_(o) change significantly with pedogenesis,which affects soil P supply,nutrient balance and ecosystem productivity.However,compared with inorganic phosphorus(P_(i)),previous studies paid less attention to P_(o),which was mainly attributed to the difficulty in the extraction,analysis and identification of different P_(o) speciation.In recent years,the solution 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance(31 P NMR)spectroscopy was increasingly applied in pedology for characterizing P_(o) compounds,providing a new way for quantitative analysis of P_(o) forms and contents.This significantly improved our understanding of the transformation process of P_(o) during long-term terrestrial ecosystem evolution.This paper systematically summarized the forms and properties of soil P_(o),and described the principle and procedures of solution 31 P NMR spectroscopy for characterizing soil P_(o) speciation.Then we reviewed the evolution trends and controls of different P_(o) speciation during natural pedogenesis,and put forward several questions that need to be resolved in the future.Future research priorities include(i)determining the rates,pathways and thresholds of soil P_(o) transformation during long-term soil evolution;(ii)elucidating the coupling relationship between P_(o) and other nutrients such as C and N at different stages of soil evolution and the mechanisms of fixation and release of soil P_(o);and(iii)building a quantitative model of P_(o) evolution in different types of soils.Providing solutions to the above questions can improve our understanding of the phosphorus biogeochemical cycle in Earth’s Critical Zone and provide a theoretical basis for nutrient management and regulation at different stages of soil evolution,and would promote sustainable utilization of soil resources.

关 键 词：液相^(31)P核磁共振 土壤演化 有机磷组分 动态变化 养分管理 

分 类 号：S151[农业科学—土壤学]