气压弹射系统用微型压缩机动态转矩特性  

Dynamic torque characteristics of miniature air compressor for pneumatic ejection system

作　　者：严彦 魏凌霄 李鹏飞 徐建明 李云[2] YAN Yan;WEI Lingxiao;LI Pengfei;XU Jianming;LI Yun(Xi'an Polytechnic University,Xi'an 710048,China;Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;AVIC Qingan Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学,西安710048 [2]西安交通大学,西安710049 [3]中航工业庆安集团有限公司航空设备研究所,西安710077

出　　处：《流体机械》2023年第2期41-47,55,共8页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-中国民用航空局民航联合研究基金项目(U1933121);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-QN-01)。

摘　　要：为准确了解机载气压弹射系统中作为负载的压缩机转矩特性,以满足微型空压机对控制系统的要求,基于压缩机的动力学和运动学关系,以及质量和能量守恒关系,建立了一种基于有限级间容积的多级压缩机动态仿真模型,该模型可相对准确地预测压缩机动态启动、稳态和变工况运行下压缩机的转矩特性。选择两级压缩机及某个飞行包线进行了实例计算,建立了压缩机能量方程、流动方程、动力学方程及曲轴转动方程。计算结果显示,压缩机吸气压力和温度的变化导致一级气缸的排气压力下降了25%,用气后气瓶压力的变化导致一级气缸的排气压力下降了24%,二级气缸的排气压力下降了43%。本文所建立的动态模型反应了启动过程中压缩机压力的建立过程以及负载转矩的连续变化情况,其预测结果更贴近于实际情况。In order to accurately understand the torque characteristics of the compressor as a load in the airborne pneumatic ejection system so as to meet the requirements of the miniature air compressor for the control system,based on the dynamics and kinematics of the compressor,the mass and energy conservation,a dynamic simulation model of multi-stage compressor with finite interstage volume was established.Compressor torque characteristics in dynamic start process,steady-state and variableduty operation can be relatively accurately predicted from the dynamic model.A two-stage compressor and an example of the flight envelope were selected for calculation as a case.The energy equation,flow equation,dynamic equation and crankshaft rotation equation of the compressor were established.The calculation results show that the change of compressor suction pressure and temperature leads to a 25% drop in the exhaust pressure of the first-stage cylinder,a 24% drop in the exhaust pressure of the firststage cylinder and a 43% drop in the exhaust pressure of the second-stage cylinder.The dynamic model established reflects the establishment process of compressor pressure and the continuous change of load torque in the starting process,and its prediction results are closer to the actual situation.

关 键 词：导弹弹射系统 空气压缩机 动态模型 稳态模型 转矩 直流无刷电机 

分 类 号：TH457[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]