卸荷阀抗气蚀结构的参数协同匹配优化方法  

Parameter cooperative matching optimization method for anti-cavitation structure of unloading valve

作　　者：马思宇 韦文术 于瑞 卢海承 胡经文 郭宗凯 周华[1] MA Siyu;WEI Wenshu;YU Rui;LU Haicheng;HU Jingwen;GUO Zongkai;ZHOU Hua(State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,Zhejiang University Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310027,China;Beijing Tianma Intelligent Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,杭州310027 [2]北京天玛智控科技股份有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《流体机械》2023年第2期61-69,共9页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51890885);中国煤炭科工科技创新创业基金项目(2019-TD-2-CXY005)。

摘　　要：针对矿用乳化液泵站卸荷阀的严重气蚀问题,基于多级节流和高压引流原则提出一种适用于高压大流量工况的卸荷阀抗气蚀新结构。选取阀口半锥角、高压引流孔直径作为优化设计变量,融合最优拉丁超立方设计(Opt LHD)及多岛遗传算法(MIGA),通过结构参数的变参定量分析获得了各设计变量对阀口空化特性的影响规律,通过参数间的智能优化与匹配,实现以提高阀口抗气蚀性能为目标的参数协同匹配优化。结果表明,优化后的阀口压力梯度显著降低,出口流速下降33.5%,阀套壁面冲击速度下降42.9%,体积平均气相分数下降61.3%。实际应用效果也验证了该优化方法可有效地降低卸荷阀的气蚀损伤程度,对同类型产品的优化设计具有一定的参考价值。In view of the serious cavitation problem of unloading valve in mining emulsion pump station,a new anti-cavitation structure of unloading valve suitable for high pressure and large flow condition was proposed based on the principle of multistage throttling and high-pressure drainage.The half angle of the valve port cone,the diameter of the high-pressure drainage hole were selected as the optimization design variables.By combining the optimal Latin hypercube design(Opt LHD)and multiisland genetic algorithm(MIGA),the influence law of each design variable on the cavitation characteristics of the valve port was obtained through the quantitative analysis of structural parameters.Through intelligent optimization and matching among parameters,the parameter collaborative matching optimization aimed at improving the cavitation resistance of the valve port was realized.The results show that the pressure gradient of the optimized valve port is significantly reduced,the outlet flow rate is reduced by 33.5%,the impact velocity on the valve sleeve wall is reduced by 42.9%,and the average volume gas fraction is reduced by 61.3%.The practical application results also verify that the optimization method can effectively reduce the cavitation damage of the unloading valve,which has a certain reference value for the optimization design of the like products.

关 键 词：卸荷阀 气蚀 参数协同匹配 多学科仿真 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]