水库汇流区林木生态产权与农户持续参与水源涵养林保护——以黑河金盆水库汇流区为例  

Ecological Property Right of Forests in Reservoir Confluence Area and Farmers’Continuous Participation in Protection of the Water Conservation Forest—a Case Study in the Confluence Area of Heihe Reservoir

作　　者：李敏[1] 王雨格 王维理 孟全省[1] Li Min;Wang Yuge;Wang Weili;Meng Quanxing(College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100;Xi’an Water Group Heihe Jinpen Reservoir Management Company,Xi’an 710401)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100 [2]西安水务(集团)黑河金盆水库管理公司,西安710401

出　　处：《林业科学》2022年第12期74-88,共15页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：陕西省软科学基金项目(2018KRM011)。

摘　　要：【目的】水源涵养林的外部性和现行“一刀切”的生态补偿标准,导致水库汇流区农户的水源涵养林保护行为没有得到有效激励。探析林木生态产权对水库汇流区农户水源涵养林保护行为的影响,对于水资源可持续利用和城市用水安全具有重要意义。【方法】遵循产权细分是复杂产权实施有效途径的逻辑,将水库汇流区林木产权细分为经济产权和生态产权,并将生态产权纳入集体林权产权结构,从产权完整和产权稳定两个方面构建集体林权分析框架,利用黑河金盆水库汇流区708户农户微观数据,运用Double-Hurdle模型,基于集体林权分析框架,探析水库汇流区林木生态产权对农户持续参与水源涵养林保护的影响。【结果】以造营林投入表征农户水源涵养林保护行为的研究结果表明:影响水库汇流区农户水源涵养林保护的关键是是否“有利可图”。在林地使用权和处置权严格受限的情况下,能在多大程度上获得生态产权收益对农户的水源涵养林保护行为产生了重要影响。在集体林权产权结构中,影响农户造营林投入意愿的仅是生态产权收益,其他产权分项均不显著;在农户具有投入意愿的基础上,林地使用权、经济产权收益、生态产权收益均正向影响农户造营林投入强度,处置权(林地流转权)负向影响投入强度。在产权的稳定性方面,农户的林地征收风险预期越低,造营林投入的可能性越大,投入水平越高;由于林地调整会避开收获期,所以农户的林地调整预期仅负向影响造营林投入水平,对造营林投入意愿并无显著影响。集体林权的完整和稳定不仅对水库汇流区农户的造营林行为有重要影响,对行为的可持续性同样有重要影响,影响方向和显著性水平与产权分项对投入强度的影响基本一致。【结论】在林地使用权和处置权严格受限的情况下,获得生态产权收益是水�【Objective】The externalities of water conservation forest and the“one size fits all”ecological compensation standards have not effectively encouraged farmers’protection behavior of water conservation forests in reservoir confluence area.Analysis on the impact of forest ecological property right on farmers’protection behavior of water conservation forests is important for sustainable utilization of water resources and urban water security to explore.【Method】Following the logic that subdivision of property rights is the effective way to implement complex property rights,this paper subdivided the forest property right into economic property right and ecological property right,and incorporated ecological property right into the property right structure of collective forest rights.The analytical framework of collective forest rights was constructed from two aspects:integrity and stability of property right.Based on this analytical framework,the Double-Hurdle model was used to analyze the influence of forest ecological property right on farmers’continuous participation in forest protection with the micro-data of 708 households in the confluence area of the Heihe Reservoir.【Result】The farmers’protection behavior of water conservation forests was measured by afforestation investment,and the result showed that the key factor affecting the farmers’protection behavior was whether it was“profitable”.Under the condition that the use right and disposal right of forest land are strictly limited,how much ecological property right income can be obtained has an important impact on farmers’protection behavior of water conservation forests.In the property right structure of collective forest rights,only the income right of ecological products affects farmers’willingness to invest in forestry,but the other items of property rights do not significantly affect their willingness.If the farmers have willingness to invest,the forest land use right,economic products income right and ecological products inc

关 键 词：水库汇流区 林木生态产权 水源涵养林保护 

分 类 号：F325.15[经济管理—产业经济]