陆海渐渗系F_(2)群体纤维品质性状数量遗传分析  

Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Fiber Quality Traits Based on F_(2) Population of Chromosome Segment Introgression Lines

作　　者：李兴河 刘存敬[1] 唐丽媛[1] 张素君[1] 蔡肖[1] 王海涛 张香云[1] 张建宏[1] Li Xinghe;Liu Cunjing;Tang Liyuan;Zhang Sujun;Cai Xiao;Wang Haitao;Zhang Xiangyun;Zhang Jianhong(Institute of Cotton,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Improvement in Huang-Huai-Hai Semiarid Area,Ministry of Agriculture/Hebei Branch of National Cotton Improvement Center,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院棉花研究所/农业部黄淮海半干旱区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/国家棉花改良中心河北分中心,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第3期15-21,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题“陆海导入系纤维长度QTLs精细定位与基因挖掘”(CB2021A31);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-MHS-1)。

摘　　要：本试验以陆海染色体片段渐渗系C14为父本、冀棉262为母本构建F_(2)分离群体,并对群体的纤维品质性状进行数量遗传分析,利用主基因-多基因遗传分析模型对F_(2)世代上半部平均长度、断裂比强度、马克隆值、整齐度指数和伸长率进行遗传分析,以确定各性状的最适遗传模型并掌握其遗传规律,为田间选育遗传稳定的棉花纤维品质性状提供参考。结果表明,5个纤维品质性状中,上半部平均长度、马克隆值、整齐度指数和伸长率符合遗传模型,受主基因控制,而断裂比强度不存在主基因,受微效多基因控制。上半部平均长度符合B-1模型,受2对主基因控制,为加性-显性-上位性混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率为62.56%;马克隆值和伸长率均符合A-1模型,为受1对主基因控制的加性-显性混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率分别为9.96%和27.17%;整齐度指数符合B-6模型,为受2对主基因控制的加性-显性等效混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率为43.64%。上半部平均长度主基因遗传率最高,说明该性状在后代遗传中受环境影响较小,遗传较稳定,可以在低世代直接进行选择;而马克隆值主基因遗传率低于10%,说明该性状在后代中遗传不稳定,受环境影响较大,需要在高世代进行选择。The research was aimed to determine the optimal genetic model of each trait and its genetic laws through quantitative genetic analysis of fiber quality traits of the cotton F_(2) population,so as to provide references for breeding genetically stable fiber quality traits in field.Using the chromosome segment introgression line C14 as female parent and Jimian 262 as male parent,the F_(2) isolated population was constructed,and the quantitative genetic analysis of the fiber quality traits was carried out.The genetic analysis of fiber length,strength,micronaire value,uniformity and elongation of F_(2) generation was carried out by using the major gene plus polygene mixed genetic model.The results showed that the average length of upper-half fiber,micronaire value,fiber uniformity index and fiber elongation accorded with the genetic model and were controlled by the major genes;however,the fiber strength was controlled by polygenes.The upper-half fiber length conformed to the B-1 model and was controlled by two pairs of major genes,which belonged to an additive-dominant-epistat-ic mixed genetic model with the heritability of the major gene as 62.56%.The micronaire value and fiber elon-gation was in accord with the A-1 model,which was an additive-dominant mixed genetic model controlled by a pair of major genes with the heritability as 9.96%and 27.17%,respectively.The fiber uniformity index conformed to the B-6 model,which was an additive-dominant equivalent hybrid genetic model controlled by two major genes with the heritability as 43.64%.The heritability of the major gene controlling the upper-half fiber length was the highest,which indicated that the trait would less affected by environment in offspring,so it has relatively stable inheritance and should be selected directly in lower generations.The heritability of the major gene controlling micronaire value was less than 10%,which indicated that the trait would be unstable in offspring and could be greatly affected by environment,so it should be selected in the high g

关 键 词：棉花 纤维品质 主基因+多基因遗传分析 遗传率 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]