基于PLC技术的挖掘装载机电气自动控制系统设计  

Design of electric automatic control system of excavator loader based on PLC Technology

作　　者：林泽文 LIN Zewen(School of Fuzhou University Zhicheng College,Fuzhou 363201,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学至诚学院,福州363201

出　　处：《自动化与仪器仪表》2023年第2期116-121,共6页Automation & Instrumentation

基　　金：福建省自科科学基金研究项目(2021-NCZ-018)。

摘　　要：为了提高挖掘装载机挖掘装载效率,并可视化呈现故障监测结果,设计基于PLC技术的挖掘装载机电气自动控制系统,系统利用PLC控制柜综合协调与控制状态监测、联动台控制、人机交互等模块,并设置拥有两个档位的回转锁定开关,控制挖掘装载机车体回转运动,系统I/O口以及PLC初始化设置完成后,根据实际情况选择挖掘装载机控制方式,挖掘装载机出现故障时采用手动控制方式控制,无故障时通过依次执行PLC控制柜启动、传感器信号采集以及发动机启动等操作,自动控制挖掘装载机档位、工作与行走装置,同时状态监测模块使用深度学习改进遗传算法监测挖掘装载机异常状态数据信号,通过人机界面显示结果,完成挖掘装载机电气自动化控制。实验结果表明:该系统可有效检测挖掘装载机故障类型并通过人机交互界面进行故障报警,挖掘装载机电气自动控制安全可靠性高,且可显著提升挖掘装载效率。The electric automatic control system of excavator loader based on PLC technology is designed to improve the excavation and loading efficiency of excavator loader, and visually present the fault monitoring results. The system uses the PLC control cabinet to comprehensively coordinate and control the status monitoring, linkage console control, human-computer interaction and other modules, and sets the rotation locking switch with two gears to control the rotation movement of the excavator loader body. After the system I/O port and PLC initialization setting are completed, the control mode of the excavator loader is selected according to the actual situation, and the manual control mode is adopted in case of failure of the excavator loader, When there is no fault, the gear, working and walking devices of the excavator loader are automatically controlled by successively executing the operations of PLC control cabinet startup, sensor signal acquisition and engine startup. At the same time, the condition monitoring module uses the deep learning improved genetic algorithm to monitor the abnormal state data signal of the excavator loader, and displays the results through the man-machine interface to complete the electrical automatic control of the excavator loader. The experimental results show that the system can effectively detect the fault type of the excavator loader and give a fault alarm through the human-computer interaction interface. The electrical automatic control of the excavator loader has high safety and reliability, and can significantly improve the excavation and loading efficiency.

关 键 词：PLC技术 挖掘装载机 电气自动控制 信号采集 档位控制 行走装置控制 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]