海口普通话后缀“子”的调形音长考察——基于个例实证  

An Analysis of the Pitch Contour and the Duration of the Suffix"Zi"in Haikou Putonghua——Based on a Case Study

作　　者：钱薪屹 QIAN Xinyi(Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing,100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学,北京100083

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2023年第3期49-53,共5页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

基　　金：2021年北京语言大学院级项目“语言资源的深度开发与利用”(项目编号:21YJ140013)。

摘　　要：该文分析了海口普通话双音节派生词中后缀“子”的调形和韵母相对音长特征。听辨实验结果表明海口普通话中后缀“子”具备缺乏轻声语感和有轻声语感两种发音模式,但两种发音模式下的调形均符合普通话轻声音节调形特征。进一步声学分析表明,当两种发音模式的后缀“子”在调形上基本一致时,韵母音长是决定听感轻否的重要感知线索。此外,调阶也能起到一定的辅助作用。当两种发音模式的后缀“子”在韵母音长上基本一致时,反映调形的斜率是决定听感轻否的重要感知线索。该文认为音高(包括反应调形的斜率、调阶)和韵母音长都是轻声与否的感知线索,它们在轻声的感知中可以起到互补作用,但人们似乎对音长因素更为敏感。This paper mainly analyzes the pitch contour and the relative duration of finals of the suffix"Zi"in the two syllable derivatives of Haikou Putonghua.The result of discrimination experiment shows that the suffix"Zi"in Haikou Putonghua has two pronunciation modes:lack of or with the characteristics of neutral tone.But the pitch contour of the two modes are consistent with the characteristics of the neutral tone in Putonghua.Further acoustic analysis shows that when the suffix"Zi"of the two modes are basically the same in pitch contour,the duration of the final is an important perceptual cue to determine whether the hearing is light or not.In addition,the pitch level can also play a certain auxiliary role.When the suffix"Zi"of the two modes are basically the same in the duration of the final,the slope which reflecting the pitch contour is an important perceptual cue to determine whether the hearing is light or not.This paper argues that pitch(including the slope which reflecting the pitch contour,pitch level)and final duration are all perceptual cuess of neutral tone,and they can play complementary roles in neutral tone perception,but people seem to be more sensitive to the factor of duration.

关 键 词：海口普通话 后缀“子” 轻声 调形 音长 调阶 

分 类 号：H179[语言文字—汉语]