热应激对奶牛乳蛋白合成的影响机制  

Mechanism of Heat Stress Affecting Milk Protein Synthesis in Dairy Cows

作　　者：吕美 刘红云[1] LYU Mei;LIU Hongyun(College of Animal Sciences,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2023年第4期63-68,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36);上海市科技兴农技术推广项目(沪农科推字(2019)第1-2号)。

摘　　要：牛奶中蛋白含量是衡量乳品质最重要的指标之一,环境温度过高对乳蛋白含量和组成的影响一直是人们关注的重点。目前热应激对奶牛影响的报道多集中于表型性描述,其深入机制亟待解明。热应激可造成奶牛采食量降低、生理代谢紊乱、氧化应激、乳腺内环境稳态破坏等。此外,热应激还可能通过mTOR、AMPK、JAK2/STAT5等在乳合成过程中发挥重要作用的信号通路影响乳蛋白合成。本文综述了热应激影响乳蛋白合成的研究进展,探讨热应激引起乳蛋白产量下降和成分变化的可能机制,为提高奶牛乳腺乳合成能力、提升乳品质,促进奶业高效健康发展提供参考。The content of milk protein is one of the most important parameters indicating the milk quality.The effects of high ambient temperature on the content and composition of milk protein are increasingly gaining attention.However,the current researches on the effects of heat stress are mostly focused on the phenotype,its underlying mechanism needs to be elucidated.Heat stress can cause the decrease of feed intake,physiological and metabolism disorders,oxidative stress and damage the homeostasis of mammary gland.In addition,heat stress may also affect milk protein synthesis through signaling pathways such as mTOR,AMPK and JAK2/STAT5 that play important roles in milk synthesis.This article reviews the research progress on the effect of heat stress on milk protein synthesis,and discusses the possible mechanism underlying the decrease in milk protein yield and composition caused by heat stress,which gives a reference for improving the synthesis ability and quality of milk and contributes to promote the efficient and healthy development of dairy industry.

关 键 词：热应激 奶牛 乳蛋白合成 生理代谢 信号通路 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]