贫困与共同富裕的制度逻辑——明长城沿线制度性贫困的成因与治理  

Institutional Logic of Poverty and Common Prosperity:The Causes and Governance of Institutional Poverty along the Ming Great Wall

作　　者：潘墨涛 周绍杰[2] 翟天豪 Pan Motao;Zhou Shaojie;Zhai Tianhao

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,湖北省武汉市430072 [2]清华大学公共管理学院,北京市100084 [3]北京师范大学政府管理学院,北京市100875

出　　处：《政治学研究》2023年第1期61-71,M0005,M0006,共13页CASS Journal of Political Science

摘　　要：中国内部不同区域的贫困有其独特的制度逻辑。本研究以贫困与共同富裕的制度逻辑为切入点,探讨了明长城沿线制度性贫困的成因与治理。本研究认为,长城实质上是一种在国家政权影响和调整下,在国家战略层面实行的有目的隔离与有计划开放的制度体系,包含规则内的正式制度以及规则外的能够提高个体收益的非正式制度。伴随边疆内陆化,明长城军事功能不断下降,政治秩序得到强化,经济管理不断正规化,非正式制度逐渐消亡,沿线地区的经济发展暴露出资源禀赋较匮乏的本相,最终表现出近现代该区域的整体性贫困。通过分析易地扶贫搬迁、生态搬迁、集体组织发展、对口支援与行业扶贫等已有的治理实践,本研究得出未来长城沿线乡村振兴、共同富裕的根本治理逻辑。There is unique institutional logic explaining poverty in different region of China.Taken the institutional logic of poverty and common prosperity as the point of penetration,this study investigates the causes and governance of institutional poverty along the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty.This study suggests that the Great Wall is essentially a system of purposeful isolation and planned opening at the national strategic level under the influence and adjustment of the state power,including formal institutions within the rules and informal institutions outside the rules that can improve individual benefits.Along with the inland border,the military function of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty has been declining,the political order has been strengthened,the economic management has been normalized,and the informal institution has gradually disappeared.The economic development of the regions along the Great Wall has exposed the lack of resource endowment,which ultimately shows the overall poverty of the region in modern times.Through the analysis of existing governance practices such as relocation of ex situ poverty alleviation,ecological relocation,development of collective organizations,counterpart support and industry poverty alleviation,this study draws the fundamental governance logic for future rural revitalization and common prosperity along the Great Wall.

关 键 词：共同富裕 明长城沿线 制度性贫困 “外展性”贫困 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济] F323.8[政治法律—政治学] D621[政治法律—中外政治制度]