动车组避雷器受潮故障特征量的变化特性研究  

Study on variations in moisture-affected fault characteristics of EMU lightning arrester

作　　者：刘健 林大杰 郭英强 张士宇 王文军 王胜辉[2] LIU Jian;LIN Dajie;GUO Yingqiang;ZHANG Shiyu;WANG Wenjun;WANG Shenghui(CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun,Jilin 130062,China;State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,吉林长春130062 [2]华北电力大学新能源电力系统国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《机车电传动》2023年第1期131-137,共7页Electric Drive for Locomotives

摘　　要：为研究动车组避雷器在受潮情况下的故障特征量变化,搭建了避雷器人工受潮试验平台,控制避雷器分别达到轻度受潮、中度受潮和重度受潮3种状态。试验研究了不同受潮情况下避雷器的直流伏安特性、直流参考电压、0.75倍直流参考电压下的泄漏电流、交流电压下的泄漏电流等特征;同时设计水煮试验开展了相关测试,并与人工受潮试验结果进行了对比和验证分析。人工受潮试验结果表明,避雷器在受潮后的伏安特性曲线发生了明显的变化,泄漏电流由阀片本体的泄漏电流和筒壁泄漏电流组成,并且随着电压升高,环氧筒筒壁电流将占主导分量;避雷器直流参考电压U1m A在重度受潮时下降了6.8%,已经低于规程要求的5.0%;其0.75倍U1m A下的泄漏电流在轻度受潮时较正常状态增加了6倍,结合水煮试验可知,在受潮避雷器恢复干燥后,0.75倍U1mA下的泄漏电流也恢复到了正常值,即该故障特征量仅在避雷器受潮时反映灵敏;避雷器阻性电流在正常情况下占全电流的10%~20%,受潮后阻性电流占比达到了正常状态下的4倍,即阻性电流对受潮故障反映更加灵敏。In order to study the changes in the fault characteristics of the EMU lightning arresters exposed to moisture,an artificial moisture test platform of lightning arresters was built,on which the lightning arrester can be controlled to reach three states of light,mild and severe moisture respectively.The test was performed to study the characteristics of lightning arresters under different moisture conditions,including DC volt-ampere characteristics,DC reference voltage,leakage current under 0.75 times DC reference voltage and leakage current under AC voltage.Moreover,the water boiling test was carried out under the design conditions,and the results were compared with the artificial moisture test results for verification.According to the artificial moisture test results,the lightning arrester after moisture experienced significant changes in the volt-ampere characteristics curve;the leakage current contributed by the valve disc body and the cylinder wall was dominated by the epoxy cylinder with the increase in voltage;the DC reference voltage(U1mA)decreased by 6.8%in severe moisture,lower than the specification requirements of 5.0%;the leakage current at 0.75 times U1mA increased by 6 times in light moisture than that in the normal state.According to the water boiling test results,for the lightning arrester dried from the moisture state,the leakage current at 0.75 times U1mA also returned to the normal values,that is,the fault characteristic is only sensitive when the lightning arrester is in the moisture state;the resistive current accounted for 10%-20%of the total current in the normal conditions,and this proportion rose 4 times in the moisture state,that is,the resistive current is more sensitive to the moisture-affected fault.

关 键 词：动车组 避雷器 受潮 伏安特性 水煮试验 

分 类 号：U266.2[机械工程—车辆工程]