俄语语言世界图景中的时间概念和观念  

The Concept of Time and the Time Perspective in the Russian Language Picture of the World

作　　者：吴丹凤 Wu Danfeng

机构地区：[1]北京大学

出　　处：《中国俄语教学》2023年第1期30-38,共9页Russian in China

摘　　要：俄语时间概念和观念是俄语语言世界图景的重要组成,反映了俄罗斯民族对时间本质属性的认知以及对待时间的多元态度。时间词время、动词“时”的语法范畴及相关谚语体现了对立统一的俄语时间概念:时间既是无限循环的客观存在,也是有限线性的意识产物。俄语时间观念则基于时间概念,也呈现多元化的特点,并随着社会发展和生活变迁,从顺从时间规律、重视历史经验、对未来的双重态度,渐渐转向强调时间的经济价值、立足于未来。The concept of time and the time perspective are important parts of the Russian language picture of the world(RLPW), which reflect Russian’s understanding of the nature of time and their attitudes, beliefs, and values related to time.Our investigation into the word “время”, the tenses of Russian verbs, and proverbs about time suggests that the concept of time in the RLPW is the unity of opposites: time is objective entity which is infinite, recursive, meanwhile, it is dependent upon consciousness and therefore finite, linear. The dialectical view of time leads to a multi-dimensional time perspective: obedience to time, past orientation, double-faced attitude toward the future.Owing to the development of society and change of people’s life,the time perspective in the RLPW nowadays attaches economic value to time and becomes more future-oriented.

关 键 词：время 时间概念 时间观念 俄语语言世界图景 

分 类 号：H35[语言文字—俄语]