2020—2021年新冠感染疫情期间烟台市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况调查  

Hygienic status of centralized air conditioning and ventilation systems in public places in Yantai City during the SARS-CoV-2 infection epidemic period of 2020-2021

作　　者：于桂梅[1] 李芸 于涛[1] 王松松[1] 丛静 于树涛[1] 陈富讯 阎西革 YU Gui-mei;LI Yun;YU Tao;WANG Song-song;CONG Jing;YU Shu-tao;CHEN Fu-xun;YAN Xi-ge(Yantai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai,Shandong 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台市疾病预防控制中心,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第3期287-290,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：烟台市科技计划项目(2021YD089);2017年度山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2017WS570)。

摘　　要：目的监测评估2020—2021年新冠感染疫情期间烟台市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况。方法2020—2021年对116家具有集中空调通风系统的公共场所进行了检测,检测项目包括集中空调送风细菌总数、真菌总数、β溶血性链球菌,风管内表面细菌总数、真菌总数和新冠病毒,冷却水和冷凝水中的嗜肺军团菌等项目。结果2020—2021年两年间公共场所集中空调通风系统检测的合格率分别为39.0%(30/77)、56.4%(22/39),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.187,P=0.074);不同场所的合格率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.86,P<0.05),其中商场的合格率最高(65.0%),而娱乐场所和医院合格率较低,分别为0.0%、33.3%;送风和风管内表面的检测样品中均未检出β溶血性链球菌和新冠病毒。空调送风中细菌总数的检测合格率相对较高,为98.2%,风管内表面细菌总数和真菌总数合格率比较低,分别为65.5%和71.6%。结论应加强公共场所集中空调通风系统清洗消毒的监管力度,消除集中空调卫生安全隐患。Objective To monitor and evaluate the sanitary status of centralized air conditioning and ventilation systems in public places in Yantai City during the SARS-CoV-2 infection epidemic from 2020 to 2021.Methods In 2020-2021,116 public places with centralized air conditioning and ventilation systems were monitored,and the test items included the total number of bacteria,the total number of fungi and Streptococcus hemolyticus in blowing air of centralized air conditioners,the total number of bacteria,the total number of fungi and SARS-Co V-2 on the inner surface of air ducts,and Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and condensed water.Results The qualified rates of testing of centralized air conditioning and ventilation systems in public places in 2020 and 2021 were 39.0%(30/77)and 56.4%(22/39),respectively,showing no statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=3.187,P=0.074).There were significantly differences in the qualified rates of different places(χ^(2)=11.86,P<0.05),among which the qualified rate of shopping malls was the highest(65.0%),but the qualified rates of entertainment places(0.0%)and hospitals(33.3%)were low.Streptococcus hemolyticus and SARS-Co V-2 were not detected in the samples collected from blowing air and the inner surface of air ducts.The qualified rate of the total number of bacteria in blowing air of centralized air conditioners was relatively high(98.2%),but the qualified rates of the total number of bacteria(65.5%)and the total number of fungi(71.6%)on the inner surface of air ducts were relatively low.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of cleaning and disinfection of centralized air conditioning and ventilation systems in public places so as to eliminate the hidden sanitary and safety hazards of centralized air conditioners.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 公共场所 集中空调通风系统 细菌总数 真菌总数 

分 类 号：R563.14[医药卫生—呼吸系统]