2020—2021年度温州市鹿城区儿童流感疫苗应用现状及安全性和保护效果研究  

Application status,safety and protective effect of influenza vaccines among children in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City,2020-2021

作　　者：杨映 张宇 陈红 林克武 YANG Ying;ZHANG Yu;CHEN Hong;LIN Ke-wu(Wenzhou People's Hospital,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州市人民医院,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第3期296-299,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：温州市科技计划项目(Y2020468)。

摘　　要：目的评价2020—2021年度温州市鹿城区儿童流感疫苗的接种现状、安全性以及保护效果。方法以温州市人民医院2020年9—12月儿童保健科门诊接诊儿童为调查对象,对7053例6月龄~14周岁受调查儿童流感疫苗接种情况进行统计,并选取500例接种儿童作为观察组,同期500例未接种儿童作为对照组,观察疫苗接种不良反应情况以及疫苗的保护效果。结果7053例受调查儿童中,疫苗接种率为7.60%(536例),其中完全接种者占54.10%(290/536)。接种流感疫苗的500例观察组儿童不良反应发生率为3.4%,以发热、接种部位疼痛和红肿为主。随访1年,观察组患病风险是对照组的0.43倍,疫苗保护效果达62.8%(95%CI:46.2%~74.2%)。6~35 m组部分接种、完全接种疫苗保护效果分别为22.2%(95%CI:0.0%~73.9%)、59.4%(95%CI:6.3%~82.4%);36~59 m组部分接种疫苗、完全接种疫苗保护效果分别为48.7%(95%CI:5.2%~72.2%)、79.2%(95%CI:29.9%~93.8%);5~14岁组部分接种、完全接种疫苗保护效果分别为61.1%(95%CI:4.1%~84.2%)、79.8%(95%CI:53.7%~91.1%)。结论2020—2021年度温州市鹿城区儿童流感疫苗接种率相对较低,较少完成全程免疫接种,而接种疫苗有利于降低流感发病率,完成全程免疫接种保护效果更佳。Objective To evaluate the vaccination status,safety and protective effect of influenza vaccines among children in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City from 2020 to 2021.Methods Outpatient children from Pediatric Healthcare Department of Wenzhou People’s Hospital from September to December 2020 served as the survey subjects.The vaccination status of 7,053 surveyed children aged 6 months to 14 years was statistically analyzed,and then 500 vaccinated children were selected as the observation group.At the same time,500 un-vaccinated children were selected as the control group.The adverse reactions and protective effect of the vaccines were observed.Results The vaccination rate of the surveyed children was 7.60%(536/7,053),among which 54.1%(290/536)were fully vaccinated.Among the 500 children of the observation group who received influenza vaccines,the incidence rate of adverse reactions was 3.4%,mainly including fever,pain and redness or swelling at the injection site.After 1 year of follow-up,the difference in the disease risk between the observation group and the control group was 0.43 times,and the protective effect of the vaccines was 62.8%(95%CI:46.2%-74.2%).The protective effects of partial vaccination and complete vaccination in the group aged 6-35 months were 22.2%(95%CI:0%-73.9%)and 59.4%(95%CI:6.3%-82.4%),respectively.The protective effects of partial vaccination and complete vaccination in the group aged36-59 months were 48.7%(95%CI:5.2%-72.2%)and 79.2%(95%CI:29.9%-93.8%),respectively.The protective effects of partial vaccination and complete vaccination in the group aged 5-14 years were 61.1%(95%CI:4.1%-84.2%)and 79.8%(95%CI:53.7%-91.1%),respectively.Conclusion The influenza vaccination rate in the surveyed children in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City from 2020 to 2021 was relatively low,with less complete vaccination.Vaccination is conducive to reducing the incidence rate of influenza,and the protection effect of completing the whole course of immunization is better.

关 键 词：儿童 流感疫苗 接种情况 不良反应 保护效果 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]