形塑与规制:句题诗与五言近体的文体生成  

Shaping and Regulating Genre of Verse-titled Poetry and Recent-style of Wuyan Poetry

作　　者：刘一[1] 吴怀东[1] LIU Yi;WU Huai-dong

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽省合肥市230039

出　　处：《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》2023年第1期148-160,164,共14页Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：句题诗萌芽于晋宋,兴盛于梁陈,代表南朝诗人对诗歌艺术规律的积极探索,反映了诗歌发展脱离乐府传统、走向近体诗时期的状态,意义重大。句题诗的创作以近体诗式的审美趣味为导向,促进了五言诗首联点题的发展,规制了五言诗中段骈对的实现方式,提高了五言诗的艺术表现力,探索了情景交融的表现方式。这种独特文体可从一个侧面反映唐前新体诗朝向近体诗演变的轨迹。入唐后,近体诗发展趋于定型,但句题诗持续地发挥其影响力:被视为五言律诗创作规范的李峤百咏,明显受到句题诗的影响。唐以降的试帖诗因袭了句题诗的命题和创作模式,既发展出区别于一般诗学的创作规范,又与之存在一定的互动。The verse-titled poetry originated in the Jin and Song Dynasties,and got flourishing in the Liang and Chen Dynasties.It was a positive exploration of the artistic rules of poetry by the poets of the Southern Dynasties,and represented poetry's development away from the yuefu(乐府)tradition to a period of recent-style poetry.The composition of the verse-titled poetry was on the base of such aesthetic interest as the recentstyle poetry,thus creating a new tradition that in the first couplet of a poem of wuyan poetry(五言诗)the theme should be revealed,regulating the writing of the corresponding couplets in the middle of a poem,improving its artistic expression,and exploring the way to fuse feelings with natural settings.This unique style reflects the evolution of the pre-Tang new style poetry towards the recent style.Since the Tang Dynasty,the development of the recent-style poetry has tended to become patterned,but the verse-titled poetry continued to exert its influence.Li Qiao Bai Yong(《李峤百咏》),regarded as the norm for the composition of zwuyan poems,was clearly influenced by it.From the Tang Dynasty and on,the shili poetry(试律诗)has taken over and on the modes of composing the verse-titled poetry,and followed the way to bring the theme out,developing a pattern of poetry composition,both distinctive and from and interaction with others.

关 键 词：句题诗 五言近体 省试诗 试帖诗 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]