高炉风口用铜基体防护涂层的制备、微结构和性能研究  

Preparation,Microstructure and Properties of Copper Matrix Protective Coatings for Blast Furnace Tuyere

作　　者：乔恩涛 王周福[1] 马妍[1] 刘浩[1] 王玺堂[1] QIAO En-tao;WANG Zhou-fu;MA Yan;LIU Hao;WANG Xi-tang(The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《材料保护》2023年第3期74-80,113,共8页Materials Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U21A2057)(U20A20239);2021年湖北省科技计划项目(2021BAD002)资助。

摘　　要：为了延长高炉风口的有效服役寿命,以纯铜板为基材,NH4Cl为催渗剂,以镍、铁、铝为共渗剂的主要成分,采用包埋共渗法在纯铜基体表面制备了防护涂层。研究了催渗剂含量、共渗剂配比、保温时间对防护涂层及涂层/基体界面结构的影响。利用XRD、SEM、EDS对所制备的涂层物相组成与显微结构进行了表征,并评价了涂层的显微维氏硬度。结果表明:通过调节催渗剂NH4Cl的含量和共渗剂Ni∶Fe∶Al的比例,经热处理后可制备出与纯铜基体呈冶金结合的涂层。铝元素渗入到铜基体后,形成的渗层具有明显的渐变结构,使材料的显微维氏硬度明显提高。渗层中“高铝相”的存在阻碍了铜基体的位错运动,进一步提高了材料的显微硬度。In order to prolong the effective service life of blast furnace tuyeres,a protective coating was prepared on the surface of pure copper substrate by embedding co⁃infiltration method using pure copper plate as base material,NH_(4)Cl as infiltration catalyst,and nickel,iron and aluminum as main components of co⁃infiltration agent.The effects of infiltration agent content,co⁃infiltration agent ratio and holding time on the protective coating and coating/substrate interface structure were studied.The phase composition and microstructure of the as⁃prepared coatings were characterized by XRD,SEM and EDS,and the micro⁃Vickers hardness of the coatings was evaluated.Results showed that by adjusting the content of NH_(4) Cl catalyst and the ratio of Ni:Fe:Al in co⁃infiltration agent,a coating metallurgically bonded to the pure copper substrate could be prepared after heat treatment.After the aluminum element penetrated into the copper matrix,the formed infiltration layer had an obvious gradient structure,which significantly improved the micro⁃Vickers hardness of the material.The existence of“high aluminum phase”in the infiltration layer hindered the dislocation movement of the copper matrix and further improved the microhardness of the material.

关 键 词：高炉风口 纯铜 包埋共渗 涂层 显微硬度 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]