Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for salinity stress: Anti-stress role and mechanisms  

作　　者：Muzafar HDAR Syed MRAZVI Narender SINGH Ahmad MUSHTAQ Shahnawaz DAR Shabber HUSSAIN 

机构地区：[1]Department of Botany,Kurukshetra University,Kurukshetra,Haryana 136119,India [2]Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics,Sher-e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir(SKUAST-K),Shalimar,Srinagar 190021,India [3]Research Center for Residue and Quality Analysis,SKUAST-K,Shalimar,Srinagar 190021,India [4]Krishi Vigyan Kendra(KVK)Kargil 11(Zanskar),SKUAST-K,Shalimar,Srinagar 190021,India

出　　处：《Pedosphere》2023年第1期212-224,共13页土壤圈（英文版）

基　　金：Sher-e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India;Kurukshetra University, India for their support

摘　　要：Salinity stress is considered one of the most harmful environmental plant stresses,as it reduces irrigated land crop production by over 20%worldwide.Hence,it is imperative to develop salt-tolerant crops in addition to understanding various mechanisms enabling plant growth under saline stress conditions.Recently,a novel biological approach that aims to address salinity stress has gained momentum,which involves the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi in plant-microbe interactions.It has been observed that most terrestrial plant root systems are colonized by AM fungi,which modulate plant growth in multiple ways.In such interactions,AM fungi obtain organic compounds from the host plant while providing mineral nutrients,including nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,and sulfur,to the host plant.Over recent decades,our understanding of the multifunctional roles played by AM fungi has been broadened and advanced,particularly regarding the mediation of mineral nutrients and the alleviation of stress(especially salt stress)in most crop plants.Increased uptake of phosphorus and augmented tolerance to salinity result in enhanced plant growth and yield.The evident anti-stress role of AM fungi and related mechanisms have been described separately,though they need to be analyzed and discussed together.Therefore,the present review addresses the major role of AM fungi in mitigating salt stress and their beneficial effects on plant growth and productivity.The mechanisms employed by AM fungi to amplify the salt tolerance of host plants by increased nutrient accession(e.g.,phosphorus,nitrogen,and calcium),physiological changes(e.g.,photosynthetic efficiency,cell membrane permeability,water status,and nitrogen fixation),and biochemical changes(e.g.,the accumulation of different osmolytes such as proline and soluble sugars)are also discussed.Furthermore,this review highlights the role of AM fungi in the Na+/H+antiporters.In plants,AM fungi inoculation increases the activities of multiple antioxidant enzymes,including superoxide d

关 键 词：biochemical and physiological changes OSMOLYTES plant-microbe interaction salt stress sodium accumulation 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]