聚焦与错位:唐宋人视野中的开元、天宝  

Focus and Dislocation:Kaiyuan and Tianbao in the Vision of People in the Tang and Song Dynasties

作　　者：丁俊[1] Ding Jun

机构地区：[1]山西大学历史文化学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（魏晋南北朝隋唐史）》2022年第4期35-43,共9页HISTORY BETWEEN WEI-JIN AND SUI-TANG

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目“唐代开元天宝时期财政状况研究”(18YJC770003);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目“出土文献与唐代西州财政状况研究”(XJEDU2017RS030)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：唐人对于开元、天宝大致有三种定位。一种是从整体上肯定开元、天宝都是天下“太平”,尤其强调天宝后期在经济与国势等方面达到“极盛”;一种是仅肯定开元年间;另一种则认为,姚崇、宋璟任相时期就已经实现了“天下大治”,对开元中后期以及天宝时期都持批判态度。“开元之治”是宋人的概括,源自唐人的第三种观念。本文认为,唐玄宗在位时期包含“治世”与“盛世”两个阶段。前者是指开元前期,“贞观之风,一朝复振”;后者是指唐朝进入全盛阶段,始于开元十八年,终于天宝末。其中的最佳状态是在开元二十五年制度改革完成之后,故曰“开天盛世”。There were three different views on the Kaiyuan and Tianbao in the Tang people.The first was praising the whole Kaiyuan and Tianbao eras as peace time,and emphasizing the extremely prosperity of the later Tianbao peri-od.The second was only praising the Kaiyuan era.The third view regarded that well-governance were achieved when Yao Chong and Song Jing were prime ministers,while the mid and late period of Kaiyuan and total Tianbao era were de-nied.The word"well-governance of Kaiyuan"(开元之治)appeared in Song dynasty,and developed from the third point.This article argues that Tang Xuanzongs era contained both well-governed period(治)and prosperous period(盛).The former refers to the early Kaiyuan era which reappeared the features of"well-governance of Zhen guan",the latter refers to the stage which began at the 18th year of Kaiyuan,ended in the last stage of Tianbao.The peak time appeared since the 25th year of Kaiyuan when system reforms were finally completed.So,we call it"prosper-ous age of Kaitian".

关 键 词：开元之治 开元盛世 唐宋史料 

分 类 号：K242.2[历史地理—历史学] K244[历史地理—中国史]