开放治理:中国改革开放40年国家治理的最宝贵经验  

Open Governance:The Most Valuable Experience of China's 40-Year National Governance of Reform and Opening-up

作　　者：杨立华[1,2,3,4] Yang Lihua

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学公共政策系,北京100871 [3]北京大学国家治理研究院,北京100871 [4]北京大学公共治理研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（中国政治）》2022年第4期14-25,共12页CHINA POLITICS

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大专项项目“提高社会治理社会化、法治化、智能化、专业化水平研究:基于指标体系构建和绩效评估的问题诊断和对策分析”(18VZL001);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174006)。

摘　　要：改革开放40年是中国和世界历史上亘古未有的伟大篇章。总结40年的经验,不仅是对辉煌过去的最好纪念,也可为未来提供更好参考。研究发现,中国改革开放的初心是开放,改革开放40年国家治理的最宝贵经验也是开放治理。开放治理是中国人民自己主导的开放,是为中国人民的开放,是对内和对外的双重开放,是对一切领域的全面开放。实行开放治理不仅因为开放是世界文明发展的最基本方向,是现代文明社会的最基本特征,而且也是解决传统中国落后局面和实现国家繁荣富强的根本出路,是实现中国国家和社会治理现代化的必由之路。中国开放治理的基本路径是独立自主、实事求是、试点推广、渐进有序、统筹互促,同时,也要处理好国内和国外、集权和分权、城市和农村、经济和政治等十大关系。衡量开放治理的基本标准是经济富强、政治民主、文化繁荣、社会和谐、生态美丽,但最高标准始终是人民利益。总之,坚持和深化改革开放,坚持和深化开放治理,努力建设全面开放中国和全面开放社会,是当前我国推进国家和社会治理现代化的最重要任务。The 40 years of reform and opening-up are unprecedented great chapters in the history of China and the world.Summarizing the 40 years'glorious experience is not only the best memory of the past,but also a better reference for the future.The study has found that China's initial intention of reform and opening up is to open up,and the most valuable experience of China's 40-year national governance of reform and opening up is open governance(or opening-up governance).Open governance is led by Chinese people themselves,for Chinese people,a two-aspect opening-up both at home and to the outside world,and an opening up in all fields.The fundamental reasons of Chinese open governance are that opening up is not only the most basic direction of the development of world civilization,the most basic feature of modern civilized society,but also the fundamental way out for solving the backward situation of traditional China and achieving national prosperity and strength as well as for realizing the modernization of country's and social governance.The basic path of Chinese open governance is independence,seeking truth from facts,pilot-promotion,gradualness and in order,and overall planning and mutual promotion.Open governance should also deal with ten important relationships like domestic vs foreign,centralization vs decentralization,urban areas vs rural areas,and economy vs politics.Furthermore,basic criteria for measuring open governance are economic prosperity,political democracy,cultural prosperity,social harmony,and ecological beauty:but the highest criterion is always the interests of the people.In sum,upholding and deepening reform and opening up,upholding and deepening open governance,and striving to build an all-round open China and an all-round open society are the most important tasks of national and social governance of China.

关 键 词：改革开放 开放治理 国家治理 社会治理 开放中国 开放社会 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学]