黄土高原土壤有机碳固存机制研究进展  

Advances in soil organic carbon sequestration mechanisms on the Chinese Loess Plateau

作　　者：杨阳 窦艳星[4] 王宝荣 薛志婧 朱兆龙 黄懿梅[6] 王云强[1,2,3] 安韶山[4,6] YANG Yang;DOU Yanxing;WANG Baorong;XUE Zhijing;ZHU Zhaolong;HUANG Yimei;WANG Yunqiang;AN Shaoshan(State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710061,Shaanxi;CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change,Xi'an 710061,Shaanxi;National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi,Xi'an 710061,Shaanxi;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi;College of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,Shaanxi;College of Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西西安710061 [2]中国科学院第四纪科学与全球变化卓越创新中心,陕西西安710061 [3]陕西黄土高原地球关键带国家野外科学观测研究站,陕西西安710061 [4]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [5]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西西安710119 [6]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2023年第2期509-522,共14页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(批准号:42107282);国家自然科学基金面上项目(批准号:41671280)共同资助。

摘　　要：黄土高原土层深厚,蕴藏着大量的土壤有机碳,由于植被自然生长和生态建设等因素,黄土高原生态系统发挥了、并在未来持续发挥重要的碳汇作用。在"双碳目标"的重大国家战略背景下,黄土高原土壤碳汇效应将迎来重大的转机和严峻的挑战。鉴于此,首先回顾了黄土高原植被恢复进程和土壤的固碳效应,聚焦植被恢复过程中土壤有机碳固存这一核心过程,基于土壤物理、化学和生物学的固碳机制和原理,并结合土壤"微生物碳泵"核心调控理论,论述了黄土高原植被恢复过程中土壤有机碳的固定过程,同时概括和总结了土壤有机碳固定的驱动因素;最后,对黄土高原土壤碳固存所存在的问题和挑战进行了展望,为黄土高原乃至我国陆地生态系统土壤碳汇功能、生态效益提升具有重大意义。Soil organic carbon is an important indicator for soil quality,which greatly influence the stability and productivity of soil.China's Loess Plateau is both the largest and deepest loess deposit in the world,and it has long been one of the most severely eroded areas on Earth.With the implementation of the Grain-for-Green Project in 1999,the Loess Plateau has become the most successful ecological restoration zone,and soil organic carbon sequestration has greatly increased.In this case,the Loess Plateau ecosystem has played an important role in carbon sink and will continue to play an important role in the future.However,little is known about the the balance of soil organic carbon sequestration and vegetation restoration,for example,by determining the vegetation carrying capacity and the mechanism of soil organic carbon sequestration for the sustainable development of the Loess Plateau.Currently,under the"double carbon strategy",the soil carbon sequestration effect on the Chinese Loess Plateau will face large changes and challenges.Consequently,this review focused on soil organic carbon sequestration for vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau.Firstly,the current situations and principal aspects of vegetation restoration processes were reviewed,and the effects of vegetation restoration on soil organic carbon sequestration were summarized.Secondly,based on the new technologies and methods for carbon sequestration,the mechanism of soil microbial carbon sequestration was described,and the fixation of soil organic carbon sequestration during vegetation restoration and its driving factors were reviewed.Finally,we point out the main directions in soil carbon sequestration mechanism for vegetation restoration depending on the basic process of the carbon cycle.Then,the problems and challenges in the later stage of vegetation restoration were outlooked,providing the important reference for soil carbon sink function,ecological benefit improvement on the Chinese Loess Plateau even though in terrestrial ecosystems of China.

关 键 词：黄土高原 植被恢复 土壤有机碳 碳固存 碳汇效应 

分 类 号：S159.2[农业科学—土壤学] P595[农业科学—农业基础科学] P941.74[天文地球—地球化学]