重塑城市婚姻幸福——以20世纪50年代上海女性为中心  

Reshaping Urban Marriage Happiness:Focusing on Shanghai Women in the 1950s

作　　者：刘怡 Liu Yi

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学马克思主义学院,上海201620

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（中国现代史）》2022年第10期69-78,共10页CONTEMPORARY HISTORY OF CHINA

基　　金：教育部2019年度人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“政治、日常与城市:‘十七年’上海婚姻变迁研究”(19YJC770029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新中国在城市推行婚姻变革的过程中,国家与城市间的互动重塑了新的幸福观。上海城市女性积极地理解自身处境与环境变迁,由受助者转变为参与主体。1950年婚姻法推行的前两三年间,大批上海女性自我解放、追求幸福的意识觉醒并积极行动起来,是造成“妇女法”认知形成的重要原因。在组织帮助下,上海女性整体性地认知个人的婚姻问题,将其与社会制度相关联;感到生活“有盼头了”,继而从消极认命到勇敢地追求幸福。随着“向社会主义过渡”的全面推进,上海女性的劳动实践和情感表达,则是建设“民主和睦、团结生产”新家庭的重要力量,也为“离婚法”向“家庭团结法”的转变提供了支持。被重新定义的幸福强调集体意识、精神认同、重视劳动,这些要素为新的社会主义城市文化建设提供了思想资源,并成为消费型城市转变为生产型城市的内在驱动力。新中国婚姻幸福观始终处于一种未完待续的状态,它在稳定性和可持续方面长期存在各类问题,仍有待在社会发展过程中得到解决。In the process of marriage reform in cities of new China,the interaction between the state and cities has reshaped a new concept of happiness.Shanghai urban women actively understood their own situation and environmental changes,and changed from recipients to participants.In the first two or three years of the implementation of the marriage law in 1950,a large number of Shanghai women awakened their consciousness of self liberation and the pursuit of happiness and took positive action,which was an important reason for the formation of the cognition of"women's law".With the overall promotion of the"transition to socialism",the labor practice and emotional expression of women in Shanghai were an important force in building a new family of"democracy,harmony,unite and industrious".It was also the dynamic activity of women's"labor to create happiness",which provided support for the transformation from"divorce law"to"family unity law".The redefined happiness emphasized collective consciousness,spiritual identity and attention to labor.These elements provided ideological resources for the cultural construction of new socialist cities and became the internal driving force for the transformation of consumer cities into productive cities.The concept of marital happiness in New China has always been in an unfinished state.It has long existed various problems in stability and sustainability,which stll need to be solved in the process of social development.

关 键 词：婚姻变革 女性 城市 幸福 劳动 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学] D669.68[政治法律—法学]