“人格”的四重奏:五四运动前后女校学潮中的群体心理与社会历史(1911-1925)  

"Personality":Social Psychology and Historical Context of Women Student Movement before and during the New Culture Movement,1911-1925

作　　者：杭苏红 Hang Suhong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院社会学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（中国现代史）》2022年第2期24-36,共13页CONTEMPORARY HISTORY OF CHINA

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“以西方社会思潮本土化为线索的民国时期的家庭社会学研究”(项目编号18CSH002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文通过考察民国时期女校学潮中学生的心理及其得以产生的日常情境与历史环境,试图探讨宏观层面的社会历史对学潮学生的主观性倾向和“捍卫人格”的精神气质的影响。正是通过这些个体心理与宏观结构的关联,才能对学潮女学生的言论与行事有更为共情式的理解。学潮女学生经常提到对“人格”“女子人格”的捍卫。“人格”作为一种话语,除了表达女学生面对外部环境、捍卫独立与自由的社会性意涵,还具有对于历史上传统女性缺乏“人格”的克服与超越;同时,捍卫人格的学潮实践在伸张个人价值的同时,更包含了对“女子人格”这一群体权利的维护。这四重内涵共同构成了此一时期女学生对于自我的整体性认识,对于理解近代新女性的自我与人格有着重要的意义与价值。This article examines the psychology of students and the everyday conditions and historical context during the women student movement in the Nationalist Period to identify influences of historical and broader social factors on students'inclinations to"defend personality".It is through connections between individual psychology and macro structures that we propose to understand the commonality of female students'speeches and action during the student movement.Especially,what students often demanded was a struggle for"personality"and"women's personality".What was indicated by students'discourse on"personality"was about a quartet on not only socially,students"struggle for independence and freedom against historical absence of women's personality.But as well,it was about individuals extending their values and potential as well as groups together,acquiring the right to personality.The quartet of these four aspects helped construct female students'collective identity.This recognition is important for understanding contemporary new women's identity and personality.

关 键 词：学潮 女子师范 群体心理 人格 女性史 

分 类 号：D442.9[政治法律—政治学]