低能耗装配式建筑外墙设计研究综述  

Review on the Design of Exterior Wall of Low Energy Consumption Prefabricated Buildings

作　　者：何泉 石翠莹[2] 黄炜 HE Quan;SHI Cuiying;HUANG Wei(State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China,Xi’an 710055,China;School of Architecture,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;School of Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055 [3]西安建筑科技大学土木学院,西安710055

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2023年第3期30-36,共7页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目:基于新型连接技术的绿色装配式复合墙结构性能与设计方法(51978566);陕西省自然科学基础研究基金面上项目:西北村镇工业化生土民居建筑设计(Z20190144);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目-服务地方专项项目(19JC024);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JM-505)。

摘　　要：低能耗装配式建筑是低能耗建筑和装配式建筑两者融合发展的产物,符合国家绿色节能的长远目标。外围护结构中外墙的性能充分影响了建筑的气候环境适应性,是装配式建筑实现低能耗的关键因素。通过深入文献调研,从设计原理、热工属性和节能特点等方面对预制保温墙板、模块化太阳能墙板和可调节外表皮三类装配式外墙的研究和应用现状进行了分析。分析表明,合理应用这三类预制外墙,可以有效降低建筑能耗,营造出舒适的室内环境。在具体的热工设计中,预制保温外墙要关注保温构造形式、热桥和气密性优化,模块化太阳能墙板应重点提高太阳能的利用效率,可调节表皮应综合考虑建筑运行方式,确定模块单元尺寸和气候调控因子,并且三者都要考虑与装配式建筑的有效结合,实现工业化生产应用。Low⁃energy prefabricated buildings are the product of the integration of low⁃energy buildings and prefabricated buildings,which is in line with the long⁃term goal of national energy saving.The performance of exterior wall has a great influence on the climate adaptability of buildings and is the key factor to realize low energy consumption of the prefabricated building.The research and application status of prefabricated insulation wall panels,modular solar wall panels and adjustable skin panels in design principle,thermal properties and energy saving effect were analyzed by means of literature research.The analysis shows that the reasonable application of these three types of external enclosure structures can effectively reduce the building energy consumption and create a comfortable indoor environment.In the specific thermal design,adjustable skin incorporating the motion way to determine module unit size and climate regulation factors,modular solar panels should focus on improving the efficiency of solar energy and prefabricated insulation enclosure should pay attention to heat bridge and air tightness optimization.However,all have to consider the effective combination and prefabricated buildings in order to achieve industrial production applications.

关 键 词：低能耗 装配式建筑 模块化太阳能围护结构 可调节外表皮 预制外墙 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]