低溶解氧条件下泥藻共生SBR对农村污水处理效果与微生物特性  

Performance and microbial characteristics of co-culture of activated sludge and algae in SBR for rural sewage treatment under low dissolved oxygen conditions

作　　者：赵婷婷 陈旺 杨晨曦 秦树敏 张千 ZHAO Tingting;CHEN Wang;YANG Chenxi;QIN Shumin;ZHANG Qian(School of Chemical Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 40054,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学化学化工学院,重庆400054

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第2期655-665,共11页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51908099);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202001114);重庆市巴南区项目资助项目(2020QC368)。

摘　　要：针对序批式活性污泥法(sequencing batch reactor,SBR)曝气大、能耗高等问题,采用光序批式反应器(photosequencing batch reactors,PSBR)处理模拟农村生活污水,对比了污泥体系、藻体系、泥藻体系中污染物去除效果及微生物特性差异。结果表明,与污泥体系相比,泥藻体系中TN和TP的去除率分别提高了48.72%和39.18%;与单独的藻体系相比,泥藻体系中TN和COD的去除率分别提高了16.80%和77.35%。在低溶解氧DO为(0.4±0.1)mg·L^(-1)、停留时间(HRT)为6 h条件下,模拟农村污水经泥藻体系处理后,出水达到《城镇污水处理厂排放标准》一级A标。高通量测序结果表明,泥藻体系和污泥体系的优势菌属具有显著性差异,在泥藻体系中存在Aeromonas7.07%、Runella6.94%等除磷优势菌属和异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌Aeromonas7.07%、Rhodobacter2.70%、Thauera4.58%。功能酶和功能基因预测结果表明,在泥藻体系中铁氧还蛋白-硝酸还原酶含量比泥体系和藻体系分别提高了0.015%和0.0237%。泥藻体系亚硝酸还原酶含量比泥体系提高了0.0108%,表明蛋白核小球藻加入污泥后可减少亚硝酸盐对生物的毒害作用,反应体系脱氮性能增强。以上研究结果可为泥藻共生体系处理农村污水提供理论参考。Aiming at the problems of high aeration and energy consumption of sequencing batch reactor(SBR),photoSequencing Batch Reactors(PSBR) were used to treat the simulated rural domestic sewage, and the efficiency of pollutant removal and microbial characteristics of sludge system, algae system and sludge-algae system were compared. The results showed that compared with the sludge system, the removal rates of TN and TP in the sludge-algae systems increased by 48.72% and 39.18%, respectively. Compared with the algae system,the removal rates of TN and COD in the sludge-algae system increased by 16.80% and 77.35%, respectively.Under the conditions of low dissolved oxygen(DO=(0.4±0.1) mg·L^(-1)) and hydraulic retention time of 6 hours,the effluent of the sludge-algae system could reach the Class A standard of Discharge Standard of Urban Sewage Treatment Plant. The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the dominant bacterial in the sludge-algae system and sludge system were significantly different, in sludge-algae system, the phosphorus removal dominant bacteria Aeromonas of 7.07%, Runella of 6.94% and the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria Aeromonas of 7.07%, Rhodobacter of 2.70%, and Thauera of 4.58% appeared. Compared with sludge system and algal system, the prediction results of functional enzymes and functional genes showed that the content of ferroxyroxin-nitrate reductase in the sludge-algae system increased by 0.015% and 0.023 7%,respectively. The content of nitrite reductase in the sludge-algae system increased by 0.014 8% compared with that in the sludge system, indicating that the addition of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to the sludge could reduce the toxic effect of nitrite on organisms, and the denitrification performance of the reaction system was enhanced.The research results can provide a theoretical reference for rural sewage treatment by sludge-algae system.

关 键 词：农村生活污水 泥藻共生 微生物特性 光序批式生物反应器 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]