技术赋能下的政府数据开放风险管控体系设计  

Design of the Risk Control System of Opening Government Data with Technology Empowerment

作　　者：张怡梦 陈美欣 胡业飞[3] Zhang Yimeng;Chen Meixin;Hu Yefei(Business School,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093;College of Management and Economy,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072;School of International Relations and Public Affairs,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学管理学院,上海200093 [2]天津大学管理与经济学部,天津300072 [3]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,上海200433

出　　处：《情报杂志》2023年第4期178-185,共8页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：上海市“科技创新行动计划”软科学研究项目“城市数字治理中的创新技术应用效果评价研究”(编号:22692195900);北京市社会科学规划项目“高质量发展导向的北京市政府数据治理绩效评估与提升研究”(编号:21GLC047);国家社会科学基金重大项目“面向数字化发展的公共数据开放利用体系与能力建设研究”(编号:21&ZD337)。

摘　　要：[研究目的]在政府数据开放活动面临国家秘密与个人隐私泄露、数据不当利用等一系列风险挑战的大背景下,探讨如何形成政府数据开放风险管控的有效策略,并选择特定技术工具,尝试建构技术赋能下的政府数据开放风险管控新体系。[研究方法]基于理论分析,该文将政府数据开放过程中需求方(社会主体)与供给方(行政主体)的双重匿名状态识别为关键的风险诱发条件,提出相应的风险管控策略,进而甄选区块链与数字水印作为技术工具,破解政府数据开放风险管控新体系的建构难题,并探讨该体系的优势及其给政府带来的挑战。[研究结论]基于需求侧、供给侧双向去匿名化的“全过程阳光”策略,结合区块链、数字水印两种技术工具,新建构的政府数据开放风险管控体系在追溯主体身份与行为、防止数据篡改、强化数据维护责任等方面具有显著的比较优势,同时也在治理能力、组织关系和制度环境三个方面为政府提出了新的挑战。[Research purpose] With the challenges brought by opening government data(OGD) activities,like state secrets and personal privacy leakage as well as inappropriate utilization of public data resources,this paper aims to investigate how to design a better strategy for risk control and to establish a new OGD system enhanced by technology.[Research method] Using theoretical analysis,this paper identifies the dual anonymity of the demand side(social entity) and the supply side(administrative entity) in the process of OGD the key precondition for the risks.Then,the new strategy is proposed and two technical tools,the blockchain technology and digital watermarking technology,are selected to address the issue of establishment of new risk control system.[Research conclusion] Based on the "Sun Shining the Whole Process" strategy to eliminate the situation of dual anonymity,a new risk control system for OGD is founded empowered by the blockchain technology and digital watermarking technology.This system has significant comparative advantages in tracing the identity and behavior of subjects,preventing data tampering,and strengthening the responsibility of data maintenance.It also poses challenges the government governance capacity,organizational relationship and institutional environment.

关 键 词：政府数据开放 风险管控 全过程阳光 区块链 数字水印 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学] G203[政治法律—中外政治制度]