纪昀《史通削繁》解析  

On Ji Yun's SHITONGXIAOFAN

作　　者：刘海波 Liu Haibo

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（历史学）》2022年第1期38-50,共13页HISTORY

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“清代《史通》文献整理与研究”(项目编号:16YJC770018)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：纪昀所纂《史通削繁》,与科举考试史学策以及乾隆朝史学生态密切相关,是通过删削评点方式对《史通》进行的再创造,然而其取舍筛选,并不能完全以自身史学见解为标准以定去取,个人识见之外,尚有多重现实顾虑。就一些较为纯粹的史学议题而言,官方史学尤其是乾隆朝的两部纪传体史书《明史》与"国史",对纪昀有极大约束,成为其评判删存的准绳;就带有异端色彩的《疑古》《惑经》两篇而言,纪昀之删削也并非仅仅立足于儒家正统观念,而与清廷"崇儒重道"的文化政策直接相关,是以著书撰文的方式配合清廷打击异端,翼教卫道。《史通削繁》反映出了政治压力下史学领域中的自我禁抑。Ji Yun's SHITONGXIAOFAN is closely related to expositions of history in the imperial examination and the historiography in Qianlong Era.It is a rewriting of SHITONG through deleting and reviewing it.However,Ji's selection wasn't completely based on his own preferences.On some simple historical issues,official historical books,especially the two ones in Qianlong Era,namely,MINGSHI and National History,restricted Ji's book,and they become the base for his judgment.When writing the books of YIGU and HUOJING which is heresy to some traditional historians,Ji's selection not only in accordance with Confucianism,but also with the cultural policy of"respecting Confucianism"in the Qing,so the book is helpful for the policy.This book reflects the self-restraint of historiography under political pressure.

关 键 词：纪昀 《史通削繁》 史学策 官方史学 文化政策 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学] K204