精密水准的潮汐改正——以曹妃甸二等水准为例  

Tidal Correction for Precise Leveling:Taking Second-class Leveling in Caofeidian as Example

作　　者：张凌云 薛秀秀 程海港 田桂娥 ZHANG Ling-yun;XUE Xiu-xiu;CHENG Hai-gang;TIAN Gui-e(College of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《华北理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期1-6,共6页Journal of North China University of Science and Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然基金(42004075);唐山市基础研究项目(21130210C);大地测量与地球动力学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLGED-2019-2-3-E)。

摘　　要：精密水准测量需顾及固体潮和海潮改正,该项目研究了固体潮改正的计算模型和方法,归纳总结了固体潮改正的的周日和月变化规律,并计算了不同海潮模型、地球模型下沿海曹妃甸站和内陆郑州站海潮改正。研究结果表明,M2潮波对曹妃甸台站的影响较大,达到了10^(-8)rad,而对内陆郑州台站的影响在10^(-9)rad级,海潮负荷对沿海测站曹妃甸站倾斜场的影响大于内陆郑州测站,因此对于沿海的测站,必须进行海潮负荷改正。对比分析了测段和测站2种模式的固体潮改正结果,以测段即测量起点和终点上的固体潮汐改正来代替每一个测站的固体潮汐改正累加和,残存误差较大,影响改正效果。该项成果对于选择观测时间、实施外业观测具有指导性意义。The correction of solid tide and ocean tide should be taken into account for the precision leveling.The calculation model and method of solid tide correction were studied,and the diurnal and monthly change rules of solid tide correction were summarized.The results show that the M 2 tidal wave has a great effect on Caofeidian Station,reaching up to 10^(-8)rad,while the effect on inland Zhengzhou Station is at the level of 10^(-9)rad.The effect of ocean tide load on the tilt field of coastal Caofeidian Station is much greater than that of inland Zhengzhou Station.Therefore,for coastal stations,ocean tide load correction must be carried out.The solid tide correction results of the two modes of the measurement section and the station were compared and analyzed.The solid tide correction at the starting point and the end point of the measurement section was used to replace the cumulative sum of the solid tide correction of each station.The residual error is so large that it affects the correction effect.It has guiding significance for selecting observation time and implementing field observation.

关 键 词：固体潮改正 海潮改正 二等水准测量 高差 

分 类 号：P224.1[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]