增材制件内流道精整加工技术研究进展  

Research Progresses of Finishing Technology for Inner Channel of Additive Manufacturing Parts

作　　者：王磊[1] 邬宇梁 赵纪元[1,3] 卢秉恒 WANG Lei;WU Yuliang;ZHAO Jiyuan;LU Bingheng(High End Manufacturing Equipment Collaborative Innovation Center of Xi’an Jiao Tong University,Xi’an,710054;National Innovation Institute of Additive Manufacturing,Xi’an,710300;School of Automation,Beijing Information Technology University,Beijing,100192)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学高端制造装备协同创新中心,西安710054 [2]国家增材制造创新中心,西安710300 [3]北京信息科技大学自动化学院,北京100192

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2023年第7期757-769,共13页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划;173项目。

摘　　要：金属增材制造技术在航空航天领域具有复杂内流道的构件成形上具有广阔的应用前景,然而具有复杂内流道的增材制件的精整加工是工业应用的瓶颈问题。分析了内流道机械抛光技术、化学与电化学抛光技术、电解质等离子抛光技术的加工原理、关键技术及国内外研究进展。针对增材制件内流道精整加工需求,分别研究了机械抛光技术、化学与电化学抛光技术、电解质等离子抛光技术的适应性问题及探索方向。针对增材制件内流道精整加工关键技术发展趋势提出了展望:①研究针对功能梯度材料、多金属材料的增材制件内流道精整加工技术;②研究针对具有复杂几何形状、内部复杂分叉、渐变毛细结构、拓扑结构等复杂内流道的复合精整加工技术或组合加工技术;③研究针对内流道精整加工质量的高精度检测方法和几何误差的三维重构技术。In the field of aerospace,metal additive manufacturing technology had broad application prospects in the formation of parts with complex inner channels.However,the finishing of additive manufacturing parts with complex inner channels was a bottleneck problem in industrial applications.The principle,technology and development of mechanical polishing,chemical and electrochemical polishing and electrolyte plasma polishing on inner channel were reviewed herein.In addition,the adaptability and exploration direction of mechanical polishing,chemical and electrochemical polishing and electrolyte plasma polishing for the finishing of inner channel of additive manufacturing parts were studied respectively.Finally,the development trend of the key technologies for the finishing of inner channel of additive manufacturing parts was put forward:①the finishing technology research of the inner channel of the additive parts for functionally graded materials and polymetallic materials;②the research on compound finishing technology for complex inner channel with complex geometry,bifurcation,gradual capillary structure,topology and so on;③the research on high-precision detection method for the finishing quality of inner channel and the three-dimensional reconstruction technology of geometric errors.

关 键 词：增材制造 内流道 精整技术 孔加工 电解质等离子抛光 

分 类 号：TG175[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]