南极验潮站对全球地震海啸的响应  

Response of Antarctic tide gauge stations to global earthquake-caused tsunamis

作　　者：陈帅均 艾松涛[1,2,3] CHEN ShuaiJun;AI SongTao(Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying&Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Hubei Luojia Laboratory,Wuhan 430079,China;Key Laboratory of Polar Surveying and Mapping Science,Ministry of Natural Resources,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国南极测绘研究中心,武汉430079 [2]湖北珞珈实验室,武汉430079 [3]极地测绘科学自然资源部重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2023年第3期1015-1024,共10页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41941010)资助。

摘　　要：现有对南极潮汐的研究主要聚焦在海平面变化、高程转换和常规调和分析,针对南极验潮站的潮位异常分析还很少见.本文聚焦南极验潮站数据中的异常潮位记录,提取到达南极的全球地震海啸事件,并分析南极不同验潮站对全球地震海啸的响应能力.本文首先利用潮汐调和分析去除验潮数据中的趋势项,分析余水位中较大幅度的潮位异常信号,然后通过对比不同方法,选取2.5倍标准差作为阈值提取到达南极的全球地震海啸事件.得出潮位异常信息点后,本文对比了各个验潮站点对地震海啸事件响应的敏感性与地理位置的关系,发现东南极威尔克斯地和南极半岛及其附近岛屿的验潮站更能响应全球地震海啸事件,长城站等8个站点适合开展全球地震海啸事件的响应和记录研究.The existing research on Antarctic tides mainly focuses on sea level changes, elevation conversion, and conventional harmonic analysis. The analysis of sea level anomalies at Antarctic tide gauge stations is still rare. This article focuses on the sea level anomalies in the data of Antarctic tide gauge stations, extracts global earthquake-caused tsunami events reaching Antarctica, and analyses the responding capabilities of different stations in Antarctica to global earthquake-caused tsunami events. This article first uses tide harmonic analysis to remove the trend items in the sea level data, analyses the larger sea level anomaly signals in the residual water level, and then compares different methods and selects 2.5 times of the standard deviation to extract the global earthquake-caused tsunami events reaching Antarctica. After picking up the sea level anomaly points, this article compares the relationship between the different tide-gauge-stations′ responses to earthquake-caused tsunami events and their locations. It is concluded that the tide gauge stations in the Wilkes Land of East Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula and its nearby islands are more responsive. Eight stations including the Great Wall Station are suitable for responding and recording of global earthquake-caused tsunami events.

关 键 词：南极 潮汐调和分析 余水位 地震海啸 响应能力 

分 类 号：P316[天文地球—地震学] P229[天文地球—固体地球物理学] P738[天文地球—地球物理学]