内辐射带高能质子对磁暴响应的统计研究  

A statistical survey on high-energy protons response to geomagnetic storm in the inner radiation belt

作　　者：何兆海 徐寄遥 王赤 戴磊 陈涛 Ilan Roth HE ZhaoHai;XU JiYao;WANG Chi;DAI Lei;CHEN Tao;Ilan ROTH(State Key Laboratory of Space Weather,National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100080,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Space Sciences Laboratory,University of California,Berkeley,California,USA)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气学国家重点实验室,北京100080 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]Space Sciences Laboratory,University of California,Berkeley,California,USA

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2023年第2期455-471,共17页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41831073,41674152);中国科学院先导专项(XDA15052500,XDA15350201)共同资助。

摘　　要：范艾伦卫星-A观测表明内辐射带高能质子通量在磁暴主相期间显著下降,在恢复相时与地磁SYM-H指数同步恢复.磁暴期间内辐射带高能质子通量变化对磁场变化的响应是绝热的吗?基于刘维尔定理和第一和第三绝热不变量守恒,定量地评估了高能质子在内辐射带中的完全绝热效应.两个事件研究表明,理论计算的绝热效应导致的高能质子通量变化与范艾伦卫星观测结果吻合良好.本文进而对2013-2016年期间发生的67次磁暴事件进行了统计研究.结果发现磁暴主相和恢复相期间,内辐射带高能质子通量变化的90%贡献是完全绝热效应.相空间密度的调查结果也支持这一结论.最后通过对比研究磁暴前后高能质子通量的变化,我们发现大部分磁暴(56/67)期间,绝热效应能解释内辐射带高能质子通量的变化;另外11次磁暴事件中非绝热效应可能起着重要作用.High-energy proton fluxes in the inner radiation belt are decreasing significantly during the storm main phase and recovering in parallel to the SYM-H index, as observed by Van Allen Probes. A natural problem arises: are these storm-time proton flux variations in response to the magnetic field modifications adiabatic? The fully adiabatic effects of high-energy protons in the inner radiation belt have been quantitatively evaluated based on Liouville′s theorem and conservation of the first and third adiabatic invariants. Two case studies show that high-energy proton flux variations predicted from adiabatic effects are in good agreement with Van Allen Probes observations. A statistical survey of 67 geomagnetic storms which occurred in 2013—2016 has been performed. Their results confirm that the fully adiabatic effects contribute about 90% of the variations of high-energy protons in inner radiation belt during the storm main and recovery phases. The results from phase space density analysis also support the notion that adiabatic effects are controlling the variation of high-energy protons. Additionally, we compare the variations of pre-storm and post-storm fluxes and find that adiabatic invariants of high-energy protons in the inner zone are well preserved for majority of storms(56 of 67). Non-adiabatic effects could play important role for the left 11 geomagnetic storm events.

关 键 词：内辐射带 高能质子 完全绝热效应 

分 类 号：P353[天文地球—空间物理学]