合作化时期少数民族地区手工业半工业化问题研究  

The Semi Industrialization of Handicraft Industry in Ethnic Minority Areas During the Cooperative Period

作　　者：田牛[1] Tian Niu

机构地区：[1]贵州省社会科学院

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2022年第2期91-102,303,共13页Journal of Modern Chinese History

摘　　要：少数民族地区经济相对落后,手工业发展水平与东中部相比存在阶段性差距。1949年之前,半工业化因素渗透到手工业之中,但是整体而言政府缺位导致少数民族地区手工业长期处于传统阶段。伴随手工业合作化运动和社会主义高潮的到来,少数民族地区手工业进入快速发展时期。合作化初期,统购统销等低强度整合措施帮助民族地区手工业初步实现规模经济,产生半工业化萌芽。但是,在全国统一市场背景下,少数民族地区变成东中部手工业区域外市场,本土产业面临挤压。社会主义改造时期,通过合作社等机构建设,少数民族地区半工业化程度短期内迅速提高,甚至实现和工业对流、补充,标志民族地区手工业水平的本质性变化。The economy of ethnic minority areas is relatively backward,and there is a phased gap between the development level of handicraft industry and the East and Central regions.Before 1949,semi industrialized factors permeated the handicraft industry,but on the whole,the handicraft industry in ethnic minority areas was in the traditional stage for a long time due to the absence of the government.With the arrival of the cooperative movement of handicraft industry and the climax of socialism,handicraft industry in minority areas has entered a period of rapid development.In the early stage of cooperation,low-intensity integration measures such as unified purchase and marketing helped the handicraft industry in ethnic areas,initially realized economies of scale and bred the bud of semi industrialization.However,in the context of the national unified market,ethnic minority areas have become an external market for handicraft industry in the East and Central regions,and local industries are facing extrusion.During the period of socialist transformation,through the construction of cooperatives and other institutions,the degree of semi industry in ethnic minority areas increased rapidly in a short time,and even realized the convection and supplement with industry,marking the essential change of handicraft level in ethnic minority areas.

关 键 词：合作化时期 少数民族地区 手工业 半工业化 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]