令催与助办:民初云南政府与商会创设高潮探析  

Command Urging and Tax Supporting:Yunnan Government and Founding Climax of Chambers of Commerce,1912-1913

作　　者：陈征平 任义 Chen Zhengping;Ren Yi

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2022年第2期136-147,305,共13页Journal of Modern Chinese History

摘　　要：1912—1913年是近代中国商会创设最多的两年。云南政府对于促成本省商会的创设高潮起到了关键作用。云南军政府一方面采用行政命令的方式通令各属限期速设商会,另一方面又以清末鲜见的“提拨公款”与“允准抽捐”的方式,力助商民筹集商会经费。各属商民在政府的“通令催办”与“捐税助办”下,两年内创设商务分会多达37处。云南多数商会自此形成以捐税为经费主要来源的地方特征,并在政会关系上具有对本省政府依赖性强、抗争性弱以及准政府机关性质较重的特点。From 1912 to 1913,modern China had an unprecedented climax in founding chambers of commerce.Yunnan government played a key role in promoting the founding climax of chambers of commerce.On one hand,Yunnan government commanded all localities to found chamber of commerce within a time limit;on the other hand,Yunnan government supported chambers of commerce to raise annual funds by means of appropriating tax or approving collecting goods which was rare in Late Qing Dynasty.Under command urging and tax supporting of Yunnan government,Yunnan founded 37 chambers of commerce in two years.Since then,most chambers of commerce in Yunnan had regional feature of taking various taxes as the main source of funds,while they had strong dependence and weak resistance to Yunnan government and were regarded as quasi-government.

关 键 词：民初云南 商会创设高潮 政府促成 通令催办 捐税助办 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]