内外交困:清代中后期孔氏家族何以未能修成大谱  

Intellectual and Cultural History Studies Internal and External Difficulties:Why the Kong Family Failed to Finish Large Scale Genealogical Compilation in the Middle and Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：吴佩林 令狐晓潇 Wu Peilin;Linghu Xiaoxiao

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学历史文化学院暨孔府档案研究中心

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2023年第1期173-187,309,共16页Journal of Modern Chinese History

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“历代孔府档案文献集成与研究及全文数据库建设”(项目号:13&ZD108);四川省社会科学重点研究基地区域文化研究中心一般项目“清代孔氏家族合修大谱研究”(项目号:QYYJC21010)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：孔氏家族在弘治二年规定,大谱编修以六十年为期。然而自乾隆九年孔氏阖族合修大谱后,至宣统三年的百余年间,本该进行的两次大修却屡议未果。之所以未能开展,一方面受制于清中后期的社会环境。乾隆时期的谱禁政策令孔府心有余悸,而咸同兵燹又使其无暇他顾。另一方面,宗族内部对修谱的态度不一,修谱经费不足,修谱的准备工作也多未完成。一言以蔽之,清中后期孔氏家族未能修成大谱,是多种合力所致,也是孔府内外交困的结果。In the second year of Hongzhi(1489),The Kong family stipulated that the compilation of the large scale genealogy should be made every sixty years.However,in the more than a hundred years from the ninth year of Qianlong(1744)to the third year of Xuantong(1911),there should have been two overhauls of the genealogy.The reason for this is that,on one hand,it was subject to the social environment in the Middle and Late Qing Dynasty.The policy of banning the compilation of genealogy during the Qianlong period made the confucius family mansion worried,the confucius family mansion was affected by war and had no time to take into account the compilation of genealogy.On the other hand,There are different attitudes towards the compilation of genealogy within the clan,the funds for compiling genealogy are insufficient,most small scale genealogy compilation that laid the foundation for the large scale genealogy compilation have not been unfinished.In a word,the failure of the Kong family in the Middle and Late Qing dynasty was the result of the internal and external difficulties of the confucius family mansion,and also reflected the characteristics of the turbulence of the current situation in the Late Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：清代中后期 孔氏家族 修谱 内外交困 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]