清末民初梁启超“法治主义”的内在理路变迁  

The Theoretical Path Transition of Liang Ch’i-ch’ao’s“Rule of Law”during the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

作　　者：张晓思 Zhang Xiaosi

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2023年第1期207-218,310,共13页Journal of Modern Chinese History

摘　　要：辛亥革命爆发前,宪制思想在中国的研究与传播,有着显著的工具特征,以救亡图存为目的。梁启超以“法治主义”的名义对救亡图存路径的探索便是鲜明的例证。相较于戊戌时期以洋装推销古制,流亡日本后的梁启超反其道而行之,将传统的法家思想等同西方的“法治主义”,并糅合西方干涉主义的政治思想,在传统思想的缘饰下阐释“法治主义”和“开明专制”等西法学说。梁启超在欧游以后离开政坛,以历史考证的立场,对早年提出的法家法治主义进行了全面的反思和否定。梁氏“法治主义”路径繁复多变,大体上仍呈现从救亡图存向思想启蒙的根本转折。The research and spread of the Constitutional Thought in China had been playing the part of the tool to save the nation from doom and ensure its survival before the 1911 Chinese Revolution broke out,which can be exemplified by Liang Ch’i-ch’ao’s attempt of“Rule of Law(RoL)”.Compared to the RoL dated 1898,which rooted in the traditional Chinese Legalist theories but decorated by the western cover,Liang,who had returned from the exile in Japan,acted in contravention to illustrate the western RoL and“Enlightened Despotism”within the traditional Chinese Legalist theoretical framework.Generally speaking,Liang’s attempt of RoL,the path of which looks complex and changeable though,reflects a transition from nation survival to thought enlightenment.

关 键 词：梁启超 法治主义 法家思想 开明专制 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]