应用样条拟合与插值法抑制航空电磁运动噪声  

Application of spline fitting and interpolation method to suppress airborne electromagnetic motion noise

作　　者：余洋 吴珊[1,2,3] 肖都 李飞[1,2,3] 杜炳锐 曹展宏[1,2,3] YU Yang;WU Shan;XIAO Du;LI Fei;DU Bingrun;CAO Zhanhong(Laboratory of geophysical Electromagnetic Probing Technologies,Ministry of land and Resources,Langfang 065000,China;Ministry of Natural Resources,Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Science,Langfang 065000,China;National Research Centre of Geoexploration Technology,Langfang 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部地球物理电磁法探测技术重点实验室,廊坊065000 [2]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,廊坊065000 [3]国家现代地质勘查工程技术研究中心,廊坊065000

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2023年第1期93-99,共7页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0601900);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190030);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(AS2019P01);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(JYYWF20180103)。

摘　　要：呈现低频特性的运动感应噪声源于电磁感应接收线圈在地磁场中的运动变化,在固定翼时间域航空电磁测量数据中,其幅值往往达到有用信号的成百上千倍,原始数据中运动噪声的精确估计是目前时间域航空电磁法数据去噪技术的重点研究方向。针对电磁感应接收信号的特点,首先应用三次样条拟合法在截取的半周期晚期信号中压制高频干扰,提取低频运动噪声信息,然后用一维样条插值法估计连续的全周期运动噪声,最后从观测信号中减去估计信号,从而实现对运动噪声的抑制。对模拟数据和实测数据的应用研究结果表明,样条拟合与插值法对低于发射基频运动噪声的抑制效果显著,选用较小的均衡参数可以提高噪声压制能力,选用较大的延迟取样点,可以减轻对晚期有用信号的损伤,提高深部探测能力。The motion-induced noise with low-frequency characteristics is due to the variation of the motion of the electromagnetic receiving coil in the geomagnetic field.In the fixed-wing time-domain aeromagnetic measurement data,the noise amplitude often reaches hundreds or thousands of times the valid signal,the accurate estimation of motion noise in raw data is the critical research direction of time-domain airborne electromagnetic data denoising technology.According to the characteristics of electromagnetic induction receiving the signal,this paper firstly applies the cubic spline fitting method to suppress the high-frequency interference and extract the low-frequency moving noise information in the intercepted semi-periodic late signal,then,the continuous full-period motion noise is estimated by one-dimensional spline interpolation,and the estimated signal is subtracted from the observed signal to suppress the motion noise.The results of the application of the simulated data and the measured data show that the spline fitting and interpolation method is effective in suppressing the motion noise below the transmitting fundamental frequency.The noise suppression ability can be improved by selecting smaller equalization parameters,choosing a large delay sampling point can reduce the damage to the late useful signal and improve the ability of deep detection.

关 键 词：固定翼时间域航空电磁法 数据预处理 运动噪声抑制 三次样条拟合 

分 类 号：P631.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]