不同浓度乙烯利复配剂对棉花的打顶效应  

Study on Roofing Effects of Different Concentration Ethephon Compound Reagents on Cotton

作　　者：路茜 李鹏兵 李明华 文明 董志强 芦阳 刘扬 马富裕[1,3] LU Xi;LI Pengbing;LI Minghua;WEN Ming;DONG Zhiqiang;LU Yang;LIU Yang;MA Fuyu(Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832003,China;Science and Technology Talent Development Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830026,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Information Management and Application Technology for Modern Agricultural Production(XPCC),Shihezi Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区科技人才开发中心,乌鲁木齐830026 [3]现代农业生产信息化管理与应用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心(新疆兵团),新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第2期272-278,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201900);兵团财政科技计划(2020AB017、2020AB018);石河子大学青年创新人才培育计划项目-拔尖人才(2021-2023,CXBJ202001)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同浓度乙烯利复配试剂对新疆北疆滴灌棉花生长发育及产量形成的规律,分析最适浓度组合,为棉花化学打顶技术的应用及推广提供理论依据。【方法】以鲁棉研24为材料,设置5个不同浓度乙烯利(C_(1):0 mg/L、C_(2):100 mg/L、C_(3):200 mg/L、C_(4):400 mg/L、C_(5):800 mg/L)与烯效唑复配的组合试剂,研究不同复配试剂对北疆滴灌棉花生长发育及产量形成的影响。【结果】相较于C_(1)处理,其它处理最终新生主茎长度降低10.9%~34.67%。与CK相比,C_(1)、C_(2)、C_(3)、C_(4)处理下株高均显著提高10.55%~21.26%;各处理均显著增加棉花果枝1.9~2.7台、显著提高棉花叶龄2~3.2;C_(4)、C_(5)处理下节间长分别显著缩短7.21%、7.75%;C_(3)处理下SPAD值在播种后101 d、125 d分别显著提高8.22%、8.46%;盛铃后期C_(3)处理下叶片、茎秆、生殖器官干物质重量分别显著提高16.97%、14.57%、38.68%,在吐絮期,C_(3)处理叶片、茎秆、生殖器官干物质重量显著提高22.56%、13.92%、36.6%;C_(3)处理上部成铃率高达47.5%,提高36.67%,下单株铃数显著提高18.18%,C_(3)处理下可增加籽棉880.5 kg/hm^(2),籽棉产量显著提高17.64%。【结论】乙烯利与烯效唑复配可在一定程度上控制棉花株高,增加果枝台数、叶龄,缩短主茎节间长,提高SPAD值,增加各器官干物质重量,促进棉株上部成铃,最终提高产量。乙烯利浓度为200 mg/L时与烯效唑复配施用效果最佳,可用于棉花化学打顶。【Objective】To explore the rule of the growth and yield formation of cotton under drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang with different concentrations of ethephon compound reagent,to seek the optimal concentration combination,and to provide theoretical basis for the application and promotion of cotton chemical topping technology.【Method】Luyanyan 24 was used as the test variety,and 5 ethephon with different concentrations(C_(1):0 mg/L,C_(2):100 mg/L,C_(3):200 mg/L,C_(4):400 mg/L,C_(5):800 mg/L)combined with unidazole to study the effects of different compound reagents on the growth and yield formation of cotton under drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang.【Result】Compared with C_(1) treatment,the final length of new main stem was reduced by 10.9%-34.67%in other treatments.Compared with CK,plant height was significantly increased by 10.55%-21.26%under C_(1),C_(2),C_(3) and C_(4) treatments.Each treatment significantly increased fruit branches by 1.9-2.7 and leaf age by 2-3.2.Under C_(4) and C_(5) treatments,internode length was significantly reduced by 7.21%and 7.75%,respectively.Under C_(3) treatment,SPAD value was significantly increased by 8.22%and 8.46%on 101 d and 125 d after sowing,respectively.The dry matter weight of leaves,stem and reproductive organs under C_(3) treatment significantly increased by 16.97%,14.57%and 38.68%,respectively,in the late bolling stage.The dry matter weight of leaves,stem and reproductive organs under C_(3) treatment significantly increased by 22.56%,13.92%and 36.6%in the stage of bolling.Under C_(3) treatment,the boll-forming rate of the upper part was up to 47.5%,which increased by 36.67%,and the boll number per plant was significantly increased by 18.18%.Under C_(3) treatment,the seed cotton yield was significantly increased by 17.64%and 880.5 kg/hm^(2).【Conclusion】The combination of ethephon and enbulobuzol could control the plant height,increase the number of fruit branches and leaf age,shorten the internode length of main stem,increase the SPAD value,increase the

关 键 词：棉花 化学打顶 乙烯利 烯效唑 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]