蛭石基培养基质育苗性能的评价  

Study on the Evaluation of Seedling-raising performance of vermiculite-based Culture Media

作　　者：尤厚美 杜佳 罗勇[1] 张祥坤 朱宝林 田维亮[1,2] YOU Houmei;DU Jia;LUO Yong;ZHANG Xiangkun;ZHU Baolin;TIAN Weiliang(College of Life Sciences,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China;Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Resources Utilization in South Xinjiang,Xinjiang Praduction&Construction Corps.Alar Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学化学化工学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆兵团南疆化工资源利用工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第2期399-406,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央引导地科技发展资金(Z135050009017,2022ZY015);塔里木大学创新群体项目(TDZKCQ201901);新疆建设兵团中青年科技创新领军人才项目(2020CB019)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究高效无土栽培基质制备方法,研究不同组成对蛭石无土栽培基质的影响规律。【方法】采用控制变量法,以实际农作物为研究对象,利用蛭石为主要原料,分析蛭石组成、配比与含量、湿度、颗粒及营养液浓度大小对农作物生长状况的影响,制备优质蛭石基培养基质。【结果】添加有机质复配料更适合农作物的生长;经吸附营养液的蛭石含量为45%最佳;60目培养基质和80%湿度最佳;利用蛭石缓释作用吸附复合肥营养液有助于作物生长;蛭石∶秸秆∶蘑菇料∶甘草料∶珍珠岩的体积比为15∶5∶5∶5∶4最佳。【结论】利用蛭石的缓释性能,制备的蛭石基培养基质价格低廉,具有良好的育苗效果,推广价值大。【Objective】To explore the preparation method of efficient soilless culture substrate and to study the effect of different composition on vermiculite soilless culture substrate.【Methods】Using the control variable method,taking the actual crops as the investigation object,using vermiculite as the main raw material,the effects of vermiculite composition,ratio and content,humidity,particles and nutrient solution concentration on the growth status of crops were analyzed.High quality vermiculite-based culture matrix was prepared.【Results】The addition of organic matter compound ingredients is more suitable for crop growth;the best vermiculite content of adsorbed nutrient solution is 45%;60 mesh culture medium and 80%humidity are the best;using vermiculite slow-release action to absorb compound fertilizer nutrient solution is helpful to crop growth;the volume ratio of vermiculite:straw:mushroom material:licorice:perlite is the best.【Conclusion】The vermiculite-based culture medium prepared by using the slow-release property of vermiculite has low price,good seedling effect and great popularizing value.

关 键 词：蛭石 无土栽培 培养基质 

分 类 号：S131.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]