沿空缺陷型宽煤柱承载特征及诱冲机理研究  

Bearing characteristics and rock burst mechanism of wide coal pillar with defect along gob

作　　者：秦子晗 高健勋 郑相春 QIN Zihan;GAO Jianxun;ZHENG Xiangchun(CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Huaneng Coal Technology Research Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100070,China;Jilin Energy Invest-ment Group Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130015,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工开采研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]华能煤炭技术研究有限公司,北京100070 [3]吉林省能源投资集团有限责任公司,吉林长春130015

出　　处：《采矿与岩层控制工程学报》2023年第2期23-31,共9页Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering

基　　金：中国华能总部科技资助项目(HNKJ21-HF06);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51704155)。

摘　　要：针对部分矿区区段煤柱宽度超过60 m仍发生较为严重冲击地压的情况,分析相关案例发现,当煤柱内部存在开挖巷道,且巷道的存在造成煤柱应力分布产生显著变化时,则存在空巷的宽煤柱是诱发冲击地压灾害的主要原因。以红庆河煤矿3-1103工作面65 m宽煤柱为工程背景,通过理论分析、数值模拟及现场监测等方法,分析了缺陷型宽煤柱的整体应力分布特征以及不同空巷位置对应力演化的影响,研究了采空区侧向顶板垮断形成的结构特征和煤柱塑性破坏对其垮落状态的影响,并通过数值模拟和现场微震监测对分析结果进行了验证。据此揭示了缺陷型宽煤柱条件下冲击地压的发生机理:宽煤柱在空巷影响下靠近采空区的Ⅰ段煤柱易发生塑性破坏,使得应力向外侧的Ⅱ段煤柱转移,增加煤柱内集中静载荷,同时Ⅰ段煤柱的变形破坏和空巷的存在造成侧向顶板悬顶长度迅速增加,促使其在发生断裂时产生更为强烈的动载,区段煤柱在动静载荷叠加作用下,沿空巷道更易发生冲击地压。根据此类型冲击地压的关键影响因素,提出了煤柱物理改性、顶板整体弱化和煤柱应力调控3种冲击地压防治技术途径。Despite coal pillars exceeding 60 m in some mining areas,serious rock bursts still occur,and preliminary analysis suggests that the defect wide coal pillar formed by the excavation roadway inside is the primary cause of rock burst disasters.To investigate this,theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and field monitoring were carried out,taking the Hongqinghe Coal Mine 3-1103 working face 65 m wide coal pillar as the engineering background.The stress distribution characteristics of the wide coal pillar and the influence of the goaf on stress evolution were analyzed,while the structure formed by lateral roof collapse in the goaf and the influence of the coal pillar plastic zone were studied.The results were verified by numerical simulation and field microseismic monitoring,revealing the mechanism of rock burst under the condition of wide coal pillar with defect type.Under the influence of the goaf,the coal pillar near the goaf is prone to plastic failure,resulting in the transfer of stress to the outer coal pillar and increasing the concentrated static load in the coal pillar.The deformation and destruction of coal pillar and the existence of goaf result in the lengthening of the suspended roof of the lateral roof and the generation of strong dynamic load when the fracture occurs.Under the superposition of dynamic and static loads,rock burst is more likely to occur in roadway along the gob.Three prevention and control techniques for this type of rock burst are proposed:coal pillar physical modification,overall roof weakening,and coal pillar stress regulation.

关 键 词：冲击地压 区段宽煤柱 缺陷空间 塑性变形 侧向悬顶 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]