中国农业沼气工程生命周期评价  

Review of life cycle assessment of agricultural biogas plants in China

作　　者：党乐 胡文博 邱泽晶 佟敏 崔亚茹 刘华财[4] Dang Le;Hu Wenbo;Qiu Zejing;Tong Min;Cui Yaru;Liu Huacai(State Grid East Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute,Huhhot 010020,China;State Grid Electric Power Research Institute,Nanjing 210000,China;State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Wuhan Efficiency Evaluation Co.Ltd.,Wuhan 430074,China;Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司电力科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]国网电力科学研究院有限公司,江苏南京210000 [3]国网电力科学研究院武汉能效测评有限公司,湖北武汉430074 [4]中国科学院广州能源研究所,中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《可再生能源》2023年第4期442-451,共10页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(5400-202031205A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：文章系统回顾了中国农业沼气工程的生命周期评估(LCA)研究,以生产利用1 MJ沼气为统一功能单位,对其环境影响进行了定量的对比分析。研究结果表明:受系统边界和参考系统选择等因素的影响,中国农业沼气工程LCA研究的结果差别很大,但大都能显著减少化石能源消耗和温室气体(GHG)排放;中国农业沼气工程生命周期能耗为0.01~0.76 MJ/MJ,节能收益最高可达2.27 MJ/MJ,利用煤炭加热保温是高能耗的最主要因素;中国农业沼气工程生命周期的GHG排放为9~219 g/MJ,GHG减排收益为33~787 g/MJ,其在环境酸化、富营养化和光化学氧化等环境影响方面的效益有待更多的研究确认。A comprehensive review of life cycle assessment(LCA)of agricultural biogas plants in China is presented in this study.The LCA results were quantitatively and comparatively analyzed with a unified functional unit of 1 MJ biogas output.Despite there is a high variability of LCA results caused by factors such as selection of system boundary and reference system,significant fossil energy saving and greenhouse gas(GHG)emission reduction have been found for most of the biogas plants.The primary fossil energy consumptions range from 0.01~0.76 MJ/MJ while the largest energy saving potential reaches up to 2.27 MJ/MJ.Coal consumption for digester heating is the biggest contributor to high energy consumption.The GHG emission is in the range of 9~219 g/MJ while the GHG mitigation potential is in the range of 33~787 g/MJ.The environmental benefits in terms of acidification,eutrophication and photochemical oxidation are still controversial and need to be confirmed by more studies.

关 键 词：农业沼气工程 厌氧发酵 生命周期 环境影响 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]