北江中上游流域阻燃剂污染特征和风险评估  

Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Flame Retardants in Middle and Upper Reaches of Beijiang River Basin

作　　者：白云松 付青[1] 涂响[1] 昌盛[1] 张坤锋 潘杨[2] 王山军[1] 杨光[1] 汪星[1] 田航宇 BAI Yunsong;FU Qing;TU Xiang;CHANG Sheng;ZHANG Kunfeng;PAN Yang;WANG Shanjun;YANG Guang;WANG Xing;TIAN Hangyu(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Alcanta International College,Guangzhou 511458,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护饮用水水源地保护重点实验室,北京100012 [2]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215009 [3]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [4]广州亚加达青藤学院,广州511458

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2023年第4期704-714,共11页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2021YFC3200804-02)。

摘　　要：为探究北江中上游流域的阻燃剂污染状况和风险水平,采用气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)法测定了34个地表水样品和8个沉积物样品中31种阻燃剂的浓度,包括多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)、六溴环十二烷(HBCD)、四溴双酚A(TBBPA)这3种溴代阻燃剂和28种有机磷阻燃剂(OPFRs).采用风险熵法评估了水体中阻燃剂的生态风险,并结合日饮用剂量评估了健康风险.结果表明:①地表水中PBDEs和HBCD浓度范围分别为4.78~625.52、225.43~2209.18 ng/L,未检出TBBPA;沉积物中PBDEs、HBCD和TBPPA含量范围分别为ND~11.82、121.13~395.86和ND~3.30 ng/g.②地表水中OPFRs浓度范围为85.80~992.82 ng/L,浓度最高的3种单体分别为TCEP、TPhP和TDCIPP;沉积物中OPFRs含量范围为102.19~748.17 ng/g,含量最高的3种单体分别为TEHP、EHDPP和TCPP.③对于地表水中已知毒性参数和健康数据的阻燃剂污染物,其生态风险总体处于中低水平,但BDE-100呈现出高风险,TTP呈现出中风险;其致癌风险和非致癌风险指数均处于可接受范围内,经饮水摄入造成的健康风险可以忽略.研究显示,北江中上游流域阻燃剂污染程度较高,部分物质存在中高水平的生态风险,需要进一步关注.In order to investigate the pollution status and risk level of flame retardants in the middle and upper reaches of the Beijiang River,gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS)was used to determine the concentrations of 31 monomers of flame retardants,including three brominated flame retardants,i.e.,polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),hexabromocyclododecane(HBCD)and tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA),and 28 monomers of organophosphorus flame retardants(OPFRs).Ecological risks of flame retardants were assessed using risk entropy method and health risks were evaluated with daily drinking water.The results showed that:(1)PBDEs and HBCD concentrations in surface water ranged from 4.78-625.52 ng/L and 225.43-2209.18 ng/L,respectively,and no TBBPA was detected.The contents of PBDEs,HBCD and TBPPA in sediments ranged from ND-11.82 ng/g,121.13-395.86 ng/g,and ND-3.30 ng/g,respectively.(2)The concentrations of OPFRs in surface water ranged from 85.80-992.82 ng/L,with TCEP,TPhP,and TDCIPP being the three most abundant monomers.The contents of OPFRs in sediment ranged from 102.19-748.17 ng/g,among which TEHP,EHDPP,and TCPP were the three most abundant monomers.(3)For flame retardants with available ecological and health risk data,the ecological risk of surface water was mainly at low and medium levels,BDE-100 was high risk,and TTP was medium level.The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk indices were within acceptable range,and the health risk caused by drinking water was negligible.To sum up,flame retardant contamination in the middle and upper reaches of the Beijiang River is at a high level,and some substances have medium and high ecological risks,which deserve further attention.

关 键 词：北江 溴代阻燃剂(BFRs) 有机磷阻燃剂(OPFRs) 污染特征 风险评估 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]