低温水系碱金属离子电池的研究进展  

Recent progress in aqueous akali-metal-ion batteries at low temperatures

作　　者：韩帅 郭秋卜 陆雅翔 陈立泉[1] 胡勇胜[1,2,3] Han Shuai;Guo Qiu-Bo;Lu Ya-Xiang;Chen Li-Quan;Hu Yong-Sheng(Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Huairou Division,Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院物理研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院物理研究所,怀柔研究部,北京101400

出　　处：《物理学报》2023年第7期55-66,共12页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(批准号:2212022);国家自然科学基金(批准号:51725206,52122214,52072403);中国科学院青年创新促进会(批准号:2020006);江苏省碳峰值与中性创新计划(产业攻关前景与关键技术)(批准号:BE2022002-5)资助的课题.

摘　　要：水系碱金属离子电池因具有高安全性、低成本和环境友好等优势而成为前沿研究的热点之一,在大规模储能领域具有良好的应用前景.然而,许多水系碱金属离子电池在低温条件下出现运行故障或展现出极低的放电比容量,严重限制了其在恶劣的严寒气候条件下的广泛应用.本综述首先梳理了近年来低温水系碱金属离子电池的研究进展.随后从电解液、电极和界面三个方面分别探讨了水系碱金属离子电池在低温下运行所面对的挑战和相应的失效机制,同时系统地介绍了提高电池低温性能的改性策略并加以评述,以期为水系碱金属离子电池低温性能的进一步提升及其实际应用提供参考并指明方向.Aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries are a popular frontier research area,expected to apply for large-scale energy storage due to their high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness.Depending on diversified social development,batteries ought to function in various ambient,including polar regions and high-altitude locales.Delivering excellent electrochemical performance at low temperatures is crucial to develop aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries.This review summarizes the representative research progress in the field of aqueous low-temperature alkali-metal-ion batteries in recent years,based on the subjects of electrolyte,electrode,and interface.Firstly,we discussed the challenges of aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries operated at low temperatures and the corresponding failure mechanisms.At subzero temperatures,aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries couldn't work or exhibit little capacity,arising from the frozen electrolytes,electrode materials with slow kinetics,and huge interface impedances,which seriously limits their wide application in low-temperature conditions.Then,combined with the latest research work,various strategies have been investigated to improve the electrochemical performance of batteries at low temperatures.To date,the strategies for reducing the freezing point of electrolytes have primarily focused on breaking H-bonds between free water molecules by increasing salt concentration,adding organic/inorganic additives,and using hydrogel as electrolytes.In terms of electrodes,the related studies have concentrated on regulating the structure and morphology of electrodes,introducing the dual ion battery mechanism,and using organic materials and Zn electrodes to alleviate the slow ion dynamics of electrodes.In addition,adding appropriate organic solvents that can generate protective layers with low interface impedance on the electrode surface in the electrolyte can also improve the low-temperature performance of aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries.Finally,we evaluated multi-dimensionally all strategies,e

关 键 词：低温水系碱金属电池 电解液 电极 界面 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] O646[理学—物理化学]